Follow this link to skip to the main content
spacer spacer spacer
spacer spacer spacer
spacer
NASA Logo - Jet Propulsion Laboratory    + View the NASA Portal Google

WWW JPL MLS
JPL Home Earth Solar System Stars & Galaxies Technology
MLS Banner
blank navigation bar
spacer
spacer spacer spacer
spacer
HOME
WHAT'S NEW
EOS Aura MLS
UARS MLS
Research
Climate Variability clmtButton
H2O/Ice Feedbacks
Model Improvement
Stratosphere (and Mesosphere) stmeButton
Bromine
Chlorine
Dynamics & Transport
Gravity Waves
Hydrogen Chemistry
Long-Lived Tracers
Meteorology
Ozone (Global)
Polar Processes and Ozone
Solar Effects
Volcanic Effects
Strat-Trop Exchange strattButton
Tropical Tropopause Layer
Extratropical Strat-Trop Exchange
Troposphere tropButton
Pollution in the Upper Trop
Madden-Julian Oscillation
Trop Ozone Column
Measurement Science measButton
Instrument Science
Forward Model
Retrieval Algorithms
Spectroscopy
Publications
Personnel
Concepts


Stratospheric Polar Processes and Ozone

(see also Global Ozone research area)

Contact: Gloria Manney


NASA and NOAA Announce Ozone Hole is a Double Record Breaker

Date: 19 Oct 2006

NASA and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) scientists report this year's ozone hole in the polar region of the Southern Hemisphere has broken records for area and depth.
The ozone layer acts to protect life on Earth by blocking harmful ultraviolet rays from the sun. The "ozone hole" is a severe depletion of the ozone layer high above Antarctica. It is primarily caused by human-produced compounds that release chlorine and bromine gases in the stratosphere.
+Read more
 Thumbnail Ozone Depletion

Lower Stratosphere Polar Winter

Date: 2006

Equivalent-latitude (a latitude-like coordinate centered on the polar vortex) timeseries plots of MLS observations in the Antarctic lower stratosphere near 20~km altitude show progression of polar processing and ozone loss in the current Antarctic winter. Decreasing N2O shows descent within the polar vortex. H2O and HNO3 are depleted in the vortex as polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) form and start to sediment out. The HCl decrease and corresponding ClO increase show the conversion from reservoir (HCl, inactive) to active (ClO, ozone-destroying) forms. O3 begins to decrease from chemical depletion in late June, after chemical the loss rate becomes faster than the rate of replenishment by descent in the vortex. In late October, chemical O3 loss ceases and transport processes start increasing O3 in the vortex.

Plots for 2006 		Thumbnail of lower Stratospheric Conditions

MLS Material for WMO Arctic 2005-2006 Summary

Date: 2005-2006

Although the 2005-2006 Arctic winter began with temperatures dropping more rapidly than usual in December 2005, a major stratospheric sudden warming (SSW) beginning in January 2006 resulted in an abrupt increase in lower stratospheric temperatures. The conditions for a SSW to be "major" were fulfilled on 21-January, and after late January no temperatures below polar stratospheric cloud (PSC) formation thresholds were seen for the rest of the winter.
+Read more
+WMO Ozone Bulletins 		Thumbnail of ACE Artic Conditions

Polar processing and development of the 2004 Antarctic ozone hole: First results from MLS on Aura

Date: 28 June 2005

The Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) on Aura is providing an extensive data set on stratospheric winter polar processing, including the first daily global observations of HCl, together with simultaneous measurements of ClO, HNO3, H2O, O3, N2O, and temperature (among others). We present first results charting the evolution of these quantities during the 2004 Antarctic late winter. MLS observations of chlorine deactivation and ozone loss during this period are shown to be consistent with results from the SLIMCAT chemical transport model. +Read More 		Thumbnail of first Arctic winter from MLS

NASA Spacecraft Measures Unusual 2005 Arctic Ozone Conditions

Date: 02 June 2005

Despite near-record levels of chemical ozone destruction in the Arctic this winter, observations from NASA's Aura spacecraft showed that other atmospheric processes restored ozone amounts to near average and stopped high levels of harmful ultraviolet radiation from reaching Earth's surface. +Read More 		Thumbnail of Arctic Ozone Loss


MLS Polar Winter Animations

These MPEG animations show polar ozone loss by dispalying ozone, tempearture, nitric acid, chlorine monoxide, and hydrogen chloride for each polar winter that MLS has observed since launch.


Northern Hemisphere

Southern Hemisphere






MLS-related publications concerning polar stratospheric ozone

Future Publications

  1. Singleton, C.S., C.E. Randall, V.L. Harvey, M.P. Chipperfield, W. Feng, G.L. Manney, C.T. McElroy, "Arctic Ozone Loss Climatology from Solar Occultation and Microwave Limb Sounding Instruments ", Not yet published. Preprint
  2. Minschwaner, K., G.L. Manney, N.J. Livesey, H.C. Pumphrey, H.M. Pickett, L. Froidevaux, A. Lambert, M.J. Schwartz, P.F. Bernath, K.A. Walker, C.D. Boone, "The photochemistry of carbon monoxide in the stratosphere and mesosphere evaluated from observations by the Microwave Limb Sounder on the Aura satellite", Not yet published. Preprint

2009

  1. Manney, G.L., R.S. Harwood, I.A. MacKenzie, K. Minschwaner, D.R. Allen, M.L. Santee, K.A. Walker, M.I. Hegglin, A. Lambert, H.C. Pumphrey, P.F. Bernath, C.D. Boone, M.J. Schwartz, N.J. Livesey, W.H. Daffer, R.A. Fuller, "Satellite Observations and Modelling of Transport in the Upper Troposphere through the Lower Mesosphere During the 2006 Major Stratospheric Sudden Warming", vol 9, pgs. 4775-4795, 2009. Reprint
  2. Manney, G.L., M.J. Schwartz, K. Krueger, M.L. Santee, S. Pawson, J.N. Lee, W.H. Daffer, R.A. Fuller, N.J. Livesey, "Aura Microwave Limb Sounder Observations of Dynamics and Transport During the Record-breaking 2009 Arctic Stratospheric Major Warming", vol 36, 2009. Reprint
  3. Kuttippurath, J., S. Godin-Beekman, F. Lefevre, A. Pazmino, "Ozone depletion in the Arctic winter 2007-2008", vol 30, num 15-16, pgs. 4071-4082, 2009. Reprint
  4. Flury, T., K. Hocke, A. Haefele, N. Kampfer, R. Lehmann, "Ozone depletion, water vapor increase, and PSC generation at midlatitudes by the 2008 major stratospheric warming", vol 114, pgs. D18302, 2009. Reprint
  5. Jumelet, J., S. Bekki, P. Seifert, N. Montoux, J.P. Vernier, J. Pelon, "Microphysical modeling of a midlatitude “polar stratospheric cloud” event: Comparisons against multiwavelength ground-based and spaceborne lidar data", vol 114, pgs. D00H02, 2009. Reprint
  6. Morris, R.J., A.R. Klekociuk, D.A. Holdsworth, "Low latitude 2-day planetary wave impact on austral polar mesopause temperatures: revealed by a January diminution in PMSE above Davis, Antarctica", vol 36, pgs. L11807, 2009. Reprint

2008

  1. Froidevaux, L., Y.B. Jiang, A. Lambert, N.J. Livesey, W.G. Read, J.W. Waters, E.V. Browell, J.W. Hair, M.A. Avery, T.J. McGee, L.W. Twigg, G.K. Sumnicht, K.W. Jucks, J.J. Margitan, B. Sen, R.A. Stachnik, G.C. Toon, P.F. Bernath, C.D. Boone, K.A. Walker, M.J. Filipiak, R.S. Harwood, R.A. Fuller, G.L. Manney, M.J. Schwartz, W.H. Daffer, B.J. Drouin, R.E. Cofield, D.T. Cuddy, R.F. Jarnot, B.W. Knosp, V.S. Perun, W.V. Snyder, P.C. Stek, R.P. Thurstans, P.A. Wagner, "Validation of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder stratospheric ozone measurements", vol 113, pgs. D15S20, 2008. Reprint
  2. Schwartz, M.J., A. Lambert, G.L. Manney, W.G. Read, N.J. Livesey, L. Froidevaux, C.O. Ao, P.F. Bernath, C.D. Boone, R.E. Cofield, W.H. Daffer, B.J. Drouin, E.J. Fetzer, R.A. Fuller, R.F. Jarnot, J.H. Jiang, Y.B. Jiang, B.W. Knosp, K. Kruger, J-L.F. Li, M.G. Mlynczak, S. Pawson, J.M. Russell III, M.L. Santee, W.V. Snyder, P.C. Stek, R.P. Thurstans, A.M. Tompkins, P.A. Wagner, K.A. Walker, J.W. Waters, D.L. Wu, "Validation of the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder Temperature and Geopotential Height Measurements", vol 113, pgs. D15S11, 2008. Reprint
  3. Santee, M.L., A. Lambert, W.G. Read, N.J. Livesey, G.L. Manney, R.E. Cofield, D.T. Cuddy, W.H. Daffer, B.J. Drouin, L. Froidevaux, R.A. Fuller, R.F. Jarnot, B.W. Knosp, V.S. Perun, W.V. Snyder, P.C. Stek, R.P. Thurstans, P.A. Wagner, J.W. Waters, B. Connor, J. Urban, D. Murtagh, P. Ricaud, B. Barrett, A. Kleinboehl, J. Kuttippurath, H. Kullmann, M. von Hobe, G.C. Toon, R.A. Stachnik, "Validation of the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder ClO Measurements", vol 113, pgs. D15S22, 2008. Reprint
  4. Manney, G.L., W.H. Daffer, K.B. Strawbridge, K.A. Walker, C.D. Boone, P.F. Bernath, T. Kerzenmacher, M.J. Schwartz, K. Strong, R.J. Sica, K. Kruger, H.C. Pumphrey, L. Froidevaux, A. Lambert, M.L. Santee, N.J. Livesey, E.E. Remsberg, M.G. Mlynczak, J.R. Russell III, "The High Arctic in Extreme Winters: Vortex, Temperature, and MLS and ACE-FTS Trace Gas Evolution", vol 8, pgs. 505-522, 2008. Reprint
  5. Harvey, V.L., C.E. Randall, C. Singleton, G.L. Manney, "Low-ozone pockets observed by EOS-MLS", vol 113, pgs. D17112, 2008. Reprint
  6. Santee, M.L., I.A. MacKenzie, G.L. Manney, M.P. Chipperfield, P.F. Bernath, K.A. Walker, C.D. Boone, L. Froidevaux, N.J. Livesey, J.W. Waters, "A study of stratospheric chlorine partitioning based on new", vol 113, pgs. D12307, 2008. Reprint
  7. Jackson, D.R., Y.J. Orsolini, "Estimation of Arctic ozone loss in winter 2004/05 based on assimilation of EOS MLS observations", vol 134, pgs. 1833-1841, 2008. Reprint
  8. El Amraoui, L., N. Semane, V.-H. Peuch, M.L. Santee, "Investigation of dynamical processes in the polar stratospheric vortex during the unusually cold winter 2004/2005", vol 35, pgs. L03803, 2008. Reprint
  9. McConnell, J.C., J.J. Jin, "Stratospheric Ozone Chemistry", vol 46, num No. 1, pgs. 69-92, 2008. Reprint
  10. Roesevall, J.D., D.P. Murtagh, J. Urban, W. Feng, P. Eriksson, S. Brohede, "A study of ozone depletion in the 2004/2005 Arctic winter based on data from Odin/SMR and Aura/MLS", vol 113, pgs. D13301, 2008. Reprint

2007

  1. Mercer, J.L., C. Kroger, B. Nardi, B.J. Johnson, M.P. Chipperfield, S.W. Wood, S.E. Nichol, M.L. Santee, T. Deshler, "Comparison of measured and modeled ozone above McMurdo Station, Antarctica, 1989-2003, during Austral winter/spring", vol 112, pgs. D19307, 2007. Reprint
  2. Singleton, C.S., C.E. Randall, V.L. Harvey, M.P. Chipperfield, W. Feng, G.L. Manney, L. Froidevaux, C.D. Boone, P.F. Bernath, K.A. Walker, C.T. McElroy, K.W. Hoppel, "Quantifying Arctic ozone loss during the 2004-2005 winter using satellite observations and a chemical transport model", vol 112, pgs. D07304, 2007. Reprint
  3. Manney, G.L., W.H. Daffer, J.M. Zawodny, P.F. Bernath, K.W. Hoppel, K.A. Walker, B.W. Knosp, C. Boone, E.E. Remsberg, M.L. Santee, V. Lynn Harvey, S. Pawson, D.R. Jackson, L. Deaver, C.T. McElroy, C.A. McLinden, J.R. Drummond, H.C. Pumphrey, A. Lambert, M.J. Schwartz, L. Froidevaux, S. McLeod, L.L. Takacs, M.J. Suarez, C.R. Trepte, D.T. Cuddy, N.J. Livesey, R.S. Harwood, J.W. Waters, "Solar Occultation Satellite Data and Derived Meteorological Products: Sampling Issues and Comparisons with Aura MLS", vol 112, pgs. D24S50, 2007. Reprint
  4. Jiang, Y.B., L. Froidevaux, A. Lambert, N.J. Livesey, W.G. Read, J.W. Waters, B. Bojkov, T. Leblanc, I.S. McDermid, S. Godin-Beekmann, M.J. Filipiak, R.S. Harwood, R.A. Fuller, W.H. Daffer, B.J. Drouin, R.E. Cofield, D.T. Cuddy, R.F. Jarnot, B.W. Knosp, V.S. Perun, M.J. Schwartz, W.V. Snyder, P.C. Stek, R.P. Thurstans, P.A. Wagner, M. Allaart, S.B. Andersen, G. Bodeker, B. Calpini, H. Claude, G. Coetzee, J. Davies, H. De Backer, H. Dier, M. Fujiwara, B. Johnson, H. Kelder, N.P. Leme, G. Konig-Langlo, E. Kyro, G. Laneve, L.S. Fook, J. Merrill, G. Morris, M. Newchurch, S. Oltmans, M.C. Parrondos, F. Posny, F. Schmidlin, P. Skrivankova, R. Stubi, D. Tarasick, A. Thompson, V. Thouret, P. Viatte, H. Vomel, P. von der Gathen, M. Yela, G. Zablocki, "Validation of the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder Ozone by Ozonesonde and Lidar Measurements", vol 112, pgs. D24S34, 2007. Reprint
  5. Lambert, A., W.G. Read, N.J. Livesey, M.L. Santee, G.L. Manney, L. Froidevaux, D.L. Wu, M.J. Schwartz, H.C. Pumphrey, C. Jimenez, G.E. Nedoluha, R.E. Cofield, D.T. Cuddy, W.H. Daffer, B.J. Drouin, R.A. Fuller, R.F. Jarnot, B.W. Knosp, H.M. Pickett, V.S. Perun, W.V. Snyder, P.C. Stek, R.P. Thurstans, P.A. Wagner, J.W. Waters, K.W. Jucks, G.C. Toon, R.A. Stachnik, P.F. Bernath, C.D. Boone, K.A. Walker, J. Urban, D. Murtagh, J.W. Elkins, E. Atlas, "Validation of the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder middle atmosphere water vapor and nitrous oxide measurements", vol 112, pgs. D24S36, 2007. Reprint
  6. Santee, M.L., A. Lambert, W.G. Read, N.J. Livesey, R.E. Cofield, D.T. Cuddy, W.H. Daffer, B.J. Drouin, L. Froidevaux, R.A. Fuller, R.F. Jarnot, B.W. Knosp, G.L. Manney, V.S. Perun, W.V. Snyder, P.C. Stek, R.P. Thurstans, P.A. Wagner, J.W. Waters, G. Muscari, R.L. deZafra, J.E. Dibb, D.W. Fahey, P.J. Popp, T.P. Marcy, K.W. Jucks, G.C. Toon, R.A. Stachnik, P.F. Bernath, C.D. Boone, K.A. Walker, J. Urban, D. Murtagh, "Validation of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder HNO3 Measurements", vol 112, pgs. D24S40, 2007. Reprint
  7. Grooss, J-U., R. Mueller, "Simulation of ozone loss in Arctic winter 2004/2005", vol 34, 2007. Reprint

2006

  1. Dufour, G., R. Nassar, C.D. Boone, R. Skelton, K.A. Walker, P.F. Bernath, C.P. Rinsland, K. Semeniuk, J.J. Jin, J.C. McConnell, G.L. Manney, "Partitioning between the inorganic chlorine reservoirs HCl and ClONO2 during the Arctic winter 2005 derived from the ACE-FTS measurements", vol 6, pgs. 2355-2366, 2006. Reprint
  2. Douglass, A.R., R.S. Stolarski, S.E. Strahan, B.C. Polansky, "Sensitivity of Arctic ozone loss to polar stratospheric cloud volume and chlorine and bromine loading in a chemistry and transport model", vol 33, pgs. L17809, 2006. Reprint
  3. Irie, H., T. Sugita, H. Nakajima, T. Yokota, H. Oelhaf, G. Wetzel, G.C. Toon, B. Sen, M.L. Santee, Y. Terao, N. Saitoh, M.K. Ejiri, T. Tanaka, Y. Kondo, H. Kanzawa, H. Kobayashi, Y. Sasano, "Validation of stratospheric nitric acid concentration profiles observed by Improved Limb Atmospheric Sectrometer (ILAS)-II", vol 111, pgs. D11S03, 2006. Reprint
  4. Jimenez, C.J., H.C. Pumphrey, I.A. MacKenzie, G.L. Manney, M.L. Santee, M.J. Schwartz, R.S. Harwood, J.W. Waters, "EOS MLS observations of dehydration in the 2004-2005 polar winters", vol 33, pgs. L16806, 2006. Reprint
  5. Jin, J.J., K. Semeniuk, G.L. Manney, A.I. Jonsson, S.R. Beagley, J.C. McConnell, C.P. Rinsland, C.D. Boone, K.A. Walker, P.F. Bernath, "Denitrification in the Arctic winter 2004/2005: Observations from ACE-FTS", vol 33, pgs. L19814, 2006. Reprint
  6. Jin, J.J., K. Semeniuk, G.L. Manney, A.I. Jonsson, S.R. Beagley, J.C. McConnell, G. Dufour, R. Nassar, C.D. Boone, K.A. Walker, P.F. Bernath, C.P. Rinsland, "Severe Arctic Ozone Loss in the Winter 2004/2005: Observations from ACE-FTS", vol 33, pgs. L15801, 2006. Reprint
  7. Leblanc, T., O.P. Tripathi, I.S. McDermid, L. Froidevaux, N.J. Livesey, W.G. Read, J.W. Waters, "Simultaneous lidar and MLS measurements, and modeling, of a rare polar ozone filament event over Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii", vol 33, pgs. L16801, 2006. Reprint
  8. Manney, G.L., M.L. Santee, L. Froidevaux, K. Hoppel, N.J. Livesey, J.W. Waters, "EOS MLS observations of ozone loss in the 2004-2005 Arctic winter", vol 33, pgs. L04802, 2006. Reprint Summary
  9. Schoeberl, M.R., S.R. Kawa, A.R. Douglass, T.J. McGee, E.V. Browell, J.W. Waters, N.J. Livesey, W.G. Read, L. Froidevaux, M.L. Santee, H.C. Pumphrey, L.R. Lait, L. Twigg, "Chemical Observations of a Polar Vortex Intrusion", vol 111, pgs. D20306, 2006. Reprint

2005

  1. Davies, S., G.W. Mann, K.S. Carslaw, M.P. Chipperfield, J.A. Kettleborough, M.L. Santee, H. Oelhaf, G. Wetzel, Y. Sasano, T. Sugita, "3D microphysical model studies of Arctic denitrification: Comparison with observation", vol 5, pgs. 3093-3109, 2005. Reprint Summary
  2. Hoppel, K., R. Bevilacqua, T. Canty, R. Salawitch, M. Santee, "A measurement/model comparison of ozone photochemical loss in the Antarctic ozone hole using POAM observations and the Match technique", vol 110, pgs. D19304, 2005. Reprint
  3. Manney, G.L., M.L. Santee, N.J. Livesey, L. Froidevaux, W.G. Read, H.C. Pumphrey, J.W. Waters, S. Pawson, "EOS Microwave Limb Sounder Observations of the Antarctic Polar Vortex Breakup in 2004", vol 32, pgs. L12811, 2005. Reprint Summary
  4. Nassar, R., P.F. Bernath, C.D. Boone, G.L. Manney, S.D. McLeod, C.P. Rinsland, R. Skelton, K.A. Walker, "ACE-FTS measurements across the edge of the winter 2004 Arctic vortex", vol 32, pgs. L15S05, 2005. Reprint Summary
  5. Orsolini, Y.J., C.E. Randall, G.L. Manney, D.R. Allen, "An observational study of the final breakdown of the southern hemisphere stratospheric vortex in 2002", vol 62, pgs. 735-747, 2005. Reprint Summary
  6. Randall, C.E., G.L. Manney, D.R. Allen, R.M. Bevilacqua, C. Trepte, W.A. Lahoz, A. O'Neill, "Reconstruction and simulation of stratospheric ozone distributions in the 2002 Austral winter", vol 62, pgs. 748-764, 2005. Reprint Summary
  7. Singleton, C.S., C.E. Randall, M.P. Chipperfield, S. Davies, W. Feng, R.M. Bevilacqua, K.W. Hoppel, M.D. Fromm, G.L. Manney, V.L. Harvey, "2002-2003 Arctic Loss Deduced from POAM III Satellite Observations and SLIMCAT Chemical Transport Model", vol 5, pgs. 597-609, 2005. Reprint Summary

2004

  1. Santee, M.L., G.L. Manney, N.J. Livesey, W.G. Read, "Three-dimensional structure and evolution of stratospheric HNO3 based on UARS Microwave Limb Sounder measurements", vol 109, pgs. D15306, 2004. Reprint Summary

2003

  1. Allen, D.R., R.M. Bevilacqua, G.E. Nedoluha, C.E. Randall, G.L. Manney, "Unusual Stratospheric Transport and Mixing during the 2002 Antarctic Winter", vol 30, pgs. 1599, 2003. Reprint Summary
  2. Manney, G.L., L. Froidevaux, M.L. Santee, N.J. Livesey, J.L. Sabutis, J.W. Waters, "Variability of ozone loss during Arctic winter (1991 to 2000) estimated from UARS Microwave Limb Sounder measurements", vol 108, num D4, pgs. 4149, 2003. Reprint Summary
  3. Manney, G.L., J.L. Sabutis, S. Pawson, M.L. Santee, B. Naujokat, R. Swinbank, M.E. Gelman, W. Ebisuzaki, "Lower stratospheric temperature differences between meteorological analyses in two cold Arctic winters and their impact on polar processing studies", vol 108, num D5, pgs. 8328, 2003. Reprint Summary
  4. Mueller, R., S. Tilmes, J-U. Grooss, D.S. McKenna, M. Mueller, U. Schmidt, G.C. Toon, R.A. Stachnik, J.J. Margitan, J.W. Elkins, J. Arvelius, J.M. Russell III, "Chlorine activation and chemical loss deduced from HALOE and balloon measurements in the Arctic during the winter of 1999-2000", vol 108, num D5, pgs. 8302, 2003. Reprint
  5. Rex, M., R.J. Salawitch, M.L. Santee, J.W. Waters, K. Hoppel, R. Bevilacqua, "On the unexplained stratospheric ozone losses during cold Arctic Januaries", vol 30, pgs. 1008, 2003. Reprint Summary
  6. Santee, M.L., G.L. Manney, J.W. Waters, N.J. Livesey, "Variations and climatology of ClO in the polar lower stratosphere from UARS MLS measurements", vol 108, num D15, pgs. 4454, 2003. Reprint Summary

2002

  1. Danilin, M.Y., M K.W. Ko, R.M. Bevilacqua, L.V. Lyjak, L. Froidevaux, M.L. Santee, J.M. Zawodny, K.W. Hoppel, E.C. Richard, J.R. Spackman, E.M. Weinstock, R.L. Herman, K.A. McKinney, P.O. Wennberg, F.L. Eisele, R.M. Stimpfle, C.J. Scott, J.W. Elkins, T.V. Bui, "Comparison of ER-2 aircraft and POAM-III, MLS, and SAGE II satellite measurements during SOLVE using traditional correlative analysis and trajectory hunting techniques", vol 107, num D5, pgs. 8315, 2002. Reprint Summary
  2. Danilin, M.Y., M K.W. Ko, L. Froidevaux, M.L. Santee, L.V. Lyjak, R.M. Bevilacqua, J.M. Zawodny, Y. Sasano, H. Irie, Y. Kondo, J.M. Russell, C.J. Scott, W.G. Read, "Trajectory hunting as an effective technique to validate multiplatform measurements: Analysis of the MLS, HALOE, SAGE-II, ILAS, and POAM-II data in October-November 1996", vol 107, num D20, pgs. 4420, 2002. Reprint Summary
  3. Harris, N R.P., M. Rex, F. Goutail, B.M. Knudsen, G.L. Manney, R. Muller, P. von der Gathen, "Comparison of empirically derived ozone loss rates in the Arctic vortex", vol 107, num D20, pgs. 8264, 2002. Reprint Summary
  4. Muscari, G., M.L. Santee, R.L. de Zafra, "Intercomparison of stratospheric HNO3 over Antarctica: Ground-based Millimeter-wave versus UARS/MLS Version 5 retrievals", vol 107, num D24, pgs. 4809, 2002. Reprint Summary
  5. Santee, M.L., A. Tabazadeh, G.L. Manney, M.D. Fromm, R.M. Bevilacqua, J.W. Waters, E.J. Jensen, "A Lagrangian approach to studying Arctic polar stratospheric clouds using UARS MLS HNO3 and POAM II aerosol extinction measurements", vol 107, num D10, pgs. 4098, 2002. Reprint Summary

2001

  1. Lee, A.M., H.K. Roscoe, A.E. Jones, P.H. Haynes, E.F. Shuckburgh, M.W. Morrey, H.C. Pumphrey, "The impact of the mixing properties within the Antarctic stratospheric vortex on ozone loss in spring", vol 106, num D3, pgs. 3203-3211, 2001. Reprint
  2. Orsolini, Y.J., G. Hanson, G.L. Manney, N.J. Livesey, U-P. Hoppe, "Lagrangian reconstruction of ozone column and profile at the Arctic Lidar Observatory for Middle Atmosphere Research (ALOMAR) throughout the winter and spring of 1997-98", vol 106, num D9, pgs. 10,011-10,021, 2001. Reprint
  3. Stone, E.M., A. Tabazadeh, E. Jensen, H.C. Pumphrey, M.L. Santee, J.L. Mergenthaler, "The onset, extent and duration of dehydration in the Southern Hemisphere polar vortex", vol 106, num D19, pgs. 22,979-22,989, 2001. Reprint Summary
  4. Wu, J., A.E. Dessler, "Comparisons between measurements and models of Antarctic ozone loss", vol 106, num D3, pgs. 3195-3201, 2001. Reprint

2000

  1. Danilin, M.Y., M.L. Santee, J.M. Rodriguez, M K.W. Ko, J.M. Mergenthaler, J.B. Kumer, A. Tabazadeh, N.J. Livesey, "Trajectory hunting: A case study of rapid chlorine activation in December 1992 as seen by UARS", vol 105, num D3, pgs. 4003-4018, 2000. Reprint
  2. Manney, G.L., H.A. Michelsen, F.W. Irion, M.R. Gunson, G.C. Toon, A.E. Roche, "Lamination and polar vortex development in fall from ATMOS long-lived trace gases observed during November 1994", vol 105, num D23, pgs. 29,023-29,038, 2000. Reprint
  3. Massie, S.T., X.X. Tie, G.P. Brasseur, R.M. Bevilacqua, M.D. Fromm, M.L. Santee, "Chlorine activation during the 1995-1996 Arctic winter", vol 105, num D6, pgs. 7111-7131, 2000. Reprint
  4. Santee, M.L., G.L. Manney, N.J. Livesey, J.W. Waters, "UARS Microwave Limb Sounder Observations of Denitrification and Ozone Loss in the 2000 Arctic Late Winter", vol 27, pgs. 3213-3216, 2000. Reprint
  5. Tabazadeh, A., M.L. Santee, M.Y. Danilin, H.C. Pumphrey, P.A. Newman, P.J. Hamill, J.L. Mergenthaler, "Quantifying Denitrification and Its Effect on Ozone Recovery", vol 288, pgs. 1407-1411, 2000. Reprint
  6. van den Broek, M W.P., A. Bregman, J. Lelieveld, "Model study of stratospheric chlorine activation and ozone loss during 1996/1997 winter", vol 105, num D23, pgs. 28,961-29,977, 2000. Reprint

1999

  1. Dessler, A.E., J. Wu, M.L. Santee, M.R. Schoeberl, "Satellite observations of temporary and irreversible denitrification", vol 104, num D11, pgs. 13,993-14,002, 1999. Reprint
  2. Manney, G.L., H.A. Michelsen, M.L. Santee, M.R. Gunson, F.W. Irion, A.E. Roche, N.J. Livesey, "Polar vortex dynamics during spring and fall diagnosed using trace gas observations from the Atmospheric Trace Molecule Spectrocscopy instrument", vol 104, num D15, pgs. 18,841-18,866, 1999. Reprint
  3. Santee, M.L., G.L. Manney, L. Froidevaux, W.G. Read, J.W. Waters, "Six years of UARS Microwave Limb Sounder HNO3 observations: Seasonal, interhemispheric, and interannual variations in the lower stratosphere", vol 104, num D7, pgs. 8225-8246, 1999. Reprint
  4. Solomon, S., "Stratospheric ozone depletion: A review of concepts and history", vol 37, pgs. 275-316, 1999. Reprint
  5. Stachnik, R.A., R.J. Salawitch, A. Engel, U. Schmidt, "Measurements of chlorine partitioning in the winter Arctic stratosphere", vol 26, pgs. 3093-3096, 1999. Reprint

1998

  1. Brinksma, E.J., Y.J. Meijer, B.J. Connor, G.L. Manney, J.B. Bergwerff, G.E. Bodeker, I.S. Boyd, J.B. Liley, W. Hogervorst, J.W. Hovenier, N.J. Livesey, D.P.J. Swart, "Analysis of Record-Low Ozone Values During the 1997 Winter over Lauder, New Zealand", vol 25, pgs. 2785-2788, 1998. Reprint
  2. Dessler, A.E., M.D. Burrage, J-U. Grooss, J.R. Holton, J.L. Lean, S.T. Massie, M.R. Schoeberl, A.R. Douglass, C.H. Jackman, "Selected science highlights from the first 5 years of the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) program", vol 36, pgs. 183-210, 1998. Reprint
  3. Ricaud, P., E. Monnier, F. Goutail, J-P. Pommereau, C. David, S. Godin, L. Froidevaux, J.W. Waters, J. Mergenthaler, A.E. Roche, H. Pumphrey, M.P. Chipperfield, "Stratosphere over Dumont d'Urville, Antarctica, in winter 1992", vol 103, num D11, pgs. 13,267-13,284, 1998. Reprint
  4. Santee, M.L., A. Tabazadeh, G.L. Manney, R.J. Salawitch, L. Froidevaux, W.G. Read, J.W. Waters, "UARS MLS HNO3 observations: Implications for Antarctic PSCs", vol 103, num D11, pgs. 13,285-13,314, 1998. Reprint
  5. Searle, K.R., M.P. Chipperfield, S. Bekki, J.A. Pyle, "The impact of spatial averaging on calculated polar ozone loss: 1. Model experiments", vol 103, num D19, pgs. 25,397-25,408, 1998. Reprint

1997

  1. Lutman, E.R., J.A. Pyle, M.P. Chipperfield, D.J. Lary, I. Kilbane-Dawe, J.W. Waters, N. Larsen, "Three dimensional studies of the 1991/92 Northern Hemisphere winter using domain-filling trajectories with chemistry", vol 102, num D1, pgs. 1479-1488, 1997. Reprint
  2. Manney, G.L., L. Froidevaux, M.L. Santee, R.W. Zurek, J.W. Waters, "MLS observations of Arctic ozone loss in 1996-97", vol 24, pgs. 2697-2700, 1997. Reprint
  3. Massie, S.T., J.E. Dye, D. Baumbardner, W.J. Randel, F. Wu, X.X. Tie, L. Pan, F. Figarol, G.P. Brasseur, M.L. Santee, W.G. Read, R.G. Grainger, A. Lambert, J.L. Mergenthaler, A. Tabazadeh, "Simultaneous observations of Polar Stratospheric Clouds and HNO3 over Scandinavia in January, 1992", vol 24, pgs. 595-598, 1997. Reprint
  4. Santee, M.L., G.L. Manney, L. Froidevaux, R.W. Zurek, J.W. Waters, "MLS observations of ClO and HNO3 in the 1996-97 Arctic polar vortex", vol 24, pgs. 2713-2716, 1997. Reprint
  5. Yudin, V.A., M.A. Geller, B.V. Khattatov, A.R. Douglass, M.C. Cerniglia, J.W. Waters, L.S. Elson, A.E. Roche, J.M. Russell, "A UARS study of lower stratospheric polar processing in the early stages of northern and southern winters", vol 102, num D15, pgs. 19,137-19,148, 1997. Reprint

1996

  1. Chipperfield, M.P., M.L. Santee, L. Froidevaux, G.L. Manney, W.G. Read, J.W. Waters, A.E. Roche, J.M. Russell III, "Analyses of UARS data in the southern polar vortex in September 1992 using a chemical transport model", vol 101, num D13, pgs. 18,861-18,881, 1996. Reprint
  2. Lahoz, W.A., A. O'Neill, A. Heaps, V.D. Pope, R. Swinbank, R.S. Harwood, L. Froidevaux, W.G. Read, J.W. Waters, G.E. Peckham, "Vortex dynamics and the evolution of water vapour in the stratosphere of the southern hemisphere", vol 122, pgs. 423-450, 1996.
  3. MacKenzie, I., R.S. Harwood, L. Froidevaux, W.G. Read, J.W. Waters, "Chemical loss of polar vortex ozone inferred from UARS MLS measurements of ClO during the Arctic and Antarctic springs of 1993", vol 101, num D9, pgs. 14,505-14,518, 1996. Reprint
  4. Manney, G.L., L. Froidevaux, J.W. Waters, M.L. Santee, W.G. Read, D.A. Flower, R.F. Jarnot, R.W. Zurek, "Arctic ozone depletion observed by UARS MLS during the 1994-95 winter", vol 23, pgs. 85-88, 1996. Reprint
  5. Manney, G.L., M.L. Santee, L. Froidevaux, J.W. Waters, R.W. Zurek, "Polar vortex conditions during the 1995-96 Arctic winter: Meteorology and MLS ozone", vol 23, pgs. 3203-3206, 1996. Reprint
  6. Massie, S.T., J.C. Gille, D.P. Edwards, P.L. Bailey, L.V. Lyjak, C.A. Craig, C.P. Cavanaugh, J.L. Mergenthaler, A.E. Roche, J.B. Kumer, A. Lambert, R.G. Grainger, C.D. Rodgers, F.W. Taylor, J.M. Russell, J.H. Park, T. Deshler, M.E. Hervig, E.F. Fishbein, J.W. Waters, W.A. Lahoz, "Validation studies using multiwavelength Cryogenic Limb Array Etalon Spectrometer (CLAES) observations of stratospheric aerosol", vol 101, num D6, pgs. 9757-9773, 1996. Reprint
  7. Santee, M.L., L. Froidevaux, G.L. Manney, W.G. Read, J.W. Waters, M.P. Chipperfield, A.E. Roche, J.B. Kumer, J.L. Mergenthaler, J.M. Russell, "Chlorine deactivation in the lower stratospheric polar regions during late winter: Results from UARS", vol 101, num D13, pgs. 18,835-18,859, 1996. Reprint
  8. Santee, M.L., G.L. Manney, W.G. Read, L. Froidevaux, J.W. Waters, "Polar vortex conditions during the 1995-96 Arctic winter: MLS ClO and HNO3", vol 23, pgs. 3207-3210, 1996. Reprint
  9. Schoeberl, M.R., A.R. Douglass, S.R. Kawa, A.E. Dessler, P.A. Newman, R.S. Stolarski, A.E. Roche, J.W. Waters, J.M. Russell, "The development of the Antarctic ozone hole", vol 101, num D15, pgs. 20,909-20,924, 1996. Reprint

1995

  1. Douglass, A.R., M.R. Schoeberl, R.S. Stolarski, J.W. Waters, J.M. Russell, A.E. Roche, "Interhemispheric differences in springtime production of HCl and ClONO2 in the polar vortices", vol 100, num D7, pgs. 13,967-13,978, 1995. Reprint
  2. Fahey, D.W., G. Braathen, D. Cariolle, Y. Kondo, W.A. Matthews, M.J. Molina, J.A. Pyle, R.B. Rood, J.M. Russell, U. Schmidt, D.W. Toohey, J.W. Waters, C.R. Webster, S.C. Wofsy, "Polar Ozone", vol 1994, num ch.4, 1995.
  3. Geller, M.A., V. Yudin, A.R. Douglass, J.W. Waters, L.S. Elson, A.E. Roche, J.M. Russell, "UARS PSC, ClONO2, HCl, and ClO measurements in early winter: Additional verification of the paradigm for chlorine activation", vol 22, pgs. 2937-2940, 1995. Reprint
  4. Manney, G.L., L. Froidevaux, J.W. Waters, R.W. Zurek, "Evolution of microwave limb sounder ozone and the polar vortex during winter", vol 100, num D2, pgs. 2953-2972, 1995. Reprint
  5. Manney, G.L., R.W. Zurek, L. Froidevaux, J.W. Waters, "Evidence for arctic ozone depletion in late February and early March 1994", vol 22, pgs. 2941-2944, 1995. Reprint
  6. Pyle, J.A., M.P. Chipperfield, I. Kilbane-Dawe, A.M. Lee, R.M. Stimpfle, D. Kohn, W. Renger, J.W. Waters, "Early modelling results from the SESAME and ASHOE campaigns", vol 100, pgs. 371-387, 1995.
  7. Ricaud, P.D., E.S. Carr, R.S. Harwood, W.A. Lahoz, L. Froidevaux, W.G. Read, J.W. Waters, J.L. Mergenthaler, J.B. Kumer, A.E. Roche, G.E. Peckham, "Polar stratospheric clouds as deduced from MLS and CLAES measurements", vol 22, pgs. 2033-2036, 1995. Reprint
  8. Santee, M.L., W.G. Read, J.W. Waters, L. Froidevaux, G.L. Manney, D.A. Flower, R.F. Jarnot, R.S. Harwood, G.E. Peckham, "Interhemispheric differences in polar stratospheric HNO3, H2O, ClO and O3", vol 267, pgs. 849-852, 1995. Reprint
  9. Waters, J.W., G.L. Manney, W.G. Read, L. Froidevaux, D.A. Flower, R.F. Jarnot, "UARS MLS observations of lower stratospheric ClO in the 1992-93 and 1993-94 arctic winter vortices", vol 22, pgs. 823-826, 1995. Reprint

1994

  1. Bell, W., N.A. Martin, T.D. Gardiner, N.R. Swann, P.T. Woods, P.F. Fogal, J.W. Waters, "Column measurements of stratospheric trace species over Are, Sweden in the winter of 1991-1992", vol 21, pgs. 1347-1350, 1994. Reprint
  2. Lefevre, F., G.P. Brasseur, I. Folkins, A.K. Smith, P. Simon, "Chemistry of the 1991-1992 stratospheric winter: Three-dimensional model simulations", vol 99, num D4, pgs. 8183-8195, 1994. Reprint
  3. Manney, G.L., L. Froidevaux, J.W. Waters, R.W. Zurek, W.G. Read, L.S. Elson, J.B. Kumer, J.L. Mergenthaler, A.E. Roche, A. O'Neill, R.S. Harwood, I. MacKenzie, R. Swinbank, "Chemical depletion of ozone in the Arctic lower stratosphere during winter 1992-93", vol 370, pgs. 429-434, 1994. Reprint
  4. Massie, S., P.L. Bailey, J.C. Gille, E.C. Lee, J.L. Mergenthaler, A.E. Roche, J.B. Kumer, E.F. Fishbein, J.W. Waters, W.A. Lahoz, "Spectral signatures of polar stratospheric clouds and sulfate aerosol", vol 51, pgs. 3027-3044, 1994. Reprint

1993

  1. Chipperfield, M., "Satellite maps ozone destroyer", vol 362, pgs. 592-593, 1993. Reprint
  2. Douglass, A., R. Rood, J. Waters, L. Froidevaux, W. Read, L. Elson, M. Geller, Y. Chi, M. Cerniglia, S. Steenrod, "A 3D simulation of the early winter distribution of reactive chlorine in the north polar vortex", vol 20, pgs. 1271-1274, 1993. Reprint
  3. Geller, M.A., Y. Chi, R.B. Rood, A.R. Douglass, D.R. Allen, M. Cerniglia, J.W. Waters, "3-D transport-chemistry studies of the stratosphere using satellite data together with data assimilation", 1993.
  4. Lahoz, W.A., E.S. Carr, L. Froidevaux, R.S. Harwood, J.B. Kumer, J.L. Mergenthaler, G.E. Peckham, W.G. Read, P.D. Ricaud, A.E. Roche, J.W. Waters, "Northern hemisphere mid-stratosphere vortex processes diagnosed from H2O, N2O and potential vorticity", vol 23, pgs. 2671-2674, 1993. Reprint
  5. Manney, G.L., L. Froidevaux, J.W. Waters, L.S. Elson, E.F. Fishbein, R.W. Zurek, R.S. Harwood, W.A. Lahoz, "The evolution of ozone observed by UARS MLS in the 1992 late winter southern polar vortex", vol 20, pgs. 1279-1282, 1993. Reprint
  6. Schoeberl, M.R., R.S. Stolarski, A.R. Douglass, P.A. Newman, L.R. Lait, J.W. Waters, L. Froidevaux, W.G. Read, "MLS ClO observations and arctic polar vortex temperatures", vol 20, pgs. 2861-2864, 1993. Reprint
  7. Waters, J.W., L. Froidevaux, W.G. Read, G.L. Manney, L.S. Elson, D.A. Flower, R.F. Jarnot, R.S. Harwood, "Stratospheric ClO and ozone from the Microwave Limb Sounder on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite", vol 362, pgs. 597-602, 1993. Reprint
  8. Waters, J.W., L. Froidevaux, G.L. Manney, W.G. Read, L.S. Elson, "Lower stratospheric ClO and O3 in the 1992 southern hemisphere winter", vol 20, pgs. 1219-1222, 1993. Reprint
spacer
spacer blank navigation bara link to copyright and privacy informationblank navigation barLink to internal MLS team pages
spacer
FIRST GOV + Freedom of Information Act
 NASA Home Page

Site Manager: Nathaniel Livesey
Webmaster: Brian Knosp
spacer spacer spacer
spacer spacer spacer
JPLNASACal Tech SO2 Product PageO3 Product PageH2O Product PageIWC Product PageGPH Product PageTemperature Product Page CO ProductO3 Product Page HOCl Product PageSO2 Product PageBrO Product PageClO Product PageHCl Product PageHNO3 Product PageN2O Product PageCH3CN Product PageHCN Product PageCO ProductO3 Product PageHO2 Product PageOH Product PageH2O Product PageIWC Product PageGPH Product PageTemperature Product Page SO2 Product PageBrO Product PageClO Product PageHOCl Product PageHCl Product PageHNO3 Product PageN2O Product PageHCN Product PageCO ProductO3 Product PageHO2 Product PageOH Product PageH2O Product PageIWC Product PageGPH Product PageTemperature Product PageCH3CN Product Page