Retrieval Algorithm Development

EOS MLS Level 1 Data Processing Algorithm Theoretical Basis Level 1 software provides the initial steps in the processing of EOS MLS instrument and ancillary data. The inputs and outputs of this process are illustrated in Figure 2.1. Input data to Level 1 processing software are the `raw' uncalibrated instrument spectrometer and engineering data, spacecraft ancillary data, startup information, and command and parameter files. The command files provide the mechanism for informing the processing software of the sources of input data and any other details of the processing to be performed, while the user inputs represent additional command line (runstream) parameters. The parameter files contain calibration data and conversion parameters necessary to convert the raw data into calibrated output quantities. The startup files (if available) contain data structures created at the end of processing of the previous contiguous data set which serve to provide continuity at the startup of a new processing run. +Read More
EOS MLS Retrieval Processes Algorithm Theoretical Basis The principal components are the retrieval and forward model calculations. Before these are invoked, operational meteorological data are combined with climatological datasets and a priori knowledge of the state of the instrument, in order to construct an initial value for the state vector. In addition to the retrieval and forward model calculations, further processes produce other products (such as cloud parameters, tropopause pressure and stratospheric ozone column abundance). All these results are then output as Level 2 data along with appropriate diagnostics. +Read more
EOS MLS Forward Model Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document The forward model is inverted, that is constituents as a function of signals, to extract the atmospheric compositions. The inversion algorithm requires a linear approximation to the forward model. This document provides the algorithms for computing the radiances and their first derivatives with respect to its state vector elements. +Read more
EOS MLS Level 3 Algorithm Theoretical Basis Fast Fourier Synoptic Mapping (FFSM) techniques, initially developed by Salby will be used to produce 'synoptic' maps as the Level 3 daily map product for measurements with sufficiently high signal-to-noise. This technique, which yields the exact transform of the data with no distortions of fast-moving waves or aliasing from high-frequency components of non-sinusoidal features, has been found to be robust under reasonable conditions of randomly varying signals, sampling errors and missing data points. It has been applied previously to map data from the stratospheric sounding unit (SSU), as well as to measurements of various UARS instruments. FFSM is distinguished from other approaches by its sole reliance on the asynoptic measurements and their sampling in space and time. It presumes nothing of the behavior to be determined nor of the governing equations of the fields that determine the observed behavior. This procedure recovers the actual synoptic structure and evolution as long as the field property being observed is adequately sampled. The current plan is for a map output grid of 4 degrees longitude by 2 degrees latitude (between 82 N and 82 S), and with the daily maps produced for a time corresponding to 12:00 UT. +Read more

MLS publications related to retrieval algorithms

2009

1. Pumphrey, H.C., R.E. Cofield, M.J. Filipiak, N.J. Livesey, "An all-sky survey at 230 GHz by MLS on Aura", vol 43, pgs. 342-348, 2009. Reprint

2008

1. Froidevaux, L., Y.B. Jiang, A. Lambert, N.J. Livesey, W.G. Read, J.W. Waters, E.V. Browell, J.W. Hair, M.A. Avery, T.J. McGee, L.W. Twigg, G.K. Sumnicht, K.W. Jucks, J.J. Margitan, B. Sen, R.A. Stachnik, G.C. Toon, P.F. Bernath, C.D. Boone, K.A. Walker, M.J. Filipiak, R.S. Harwood, R.A. Fuller, G.L. Manney, M.J. Schwartz, W.H. Daffer, B.J. Drouin, R.E. Cofield, D.T. Cuddy, R.F. Jarnot, B.W. Knosp, V.S. Perun, W.V. Snyder, P.C. Stek, R.P. Thurstans, P.A. Wagner, "Validation of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder stratospheric ozone measurements", vol 113, pgs. D15S20, 2008. Reprint
2. Livesey, N.J., M.J. Filipiak, L. Froidevaux, W.G. Read, A. Lambert, M.L. Santee, J.H. Jiang, H.C. Pumphrey, J.W. Waters, R.E. Cofield, D.T. Cuddy, W.H. Daffer, B.J. Drouin, R.A. Fuller, R.F. Jarnot, Y.B. Jiang, B.W. Knosp, Q.B. Li, V.S. Perun, M.J. Schwartz, W.V. Snyder, P.C. Stek, R.P. Thurstans, P.A. Wagner, M. Avery, E.V. Browell, J-P. Cammas, L.E. Christensen, G.S. Diskin, R-S. Gao, H-J. Jost, M. Loewenstein, J.D. Lopez, P. Nedelec, G.B. Osterman, G.W. Sachse, C.R. Webster, "Validation of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder O3 and CO observations in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere", vol 113, pgs. D15S02, 2008. Reprint
3. Wu, D.L., J.H. Jiang, W.G. Read, R.T. Austin, C.P. Davis, A. Lambert, G.L. Stephens, D.G. Vane, J.W. Waters, "Validation of the Aura MLS Cloud Ice Water Content (IWC) Measurements", vol 113, 2008. Reprint
4. Pickett, H.M., B.J. Drouin, T. Canty, R.J. Salawitch, R.A. Fuller, V.S. Perun, N.J. Livesey, J.W. Waters, R.A. Stachnik, S.P. Sander, W.A. Traub, K.W. Jucks, K. Minschwaner, "Validation of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder OH and HO₂ measurements", vol 113, pgs. D16S30, 2008. Reprint
5. Schwartz, M.J., A. Lambert, G.L. Manney, W.G. Read, N.J. Livesey, L. Froidevaux, C.O. Ao, P.F. Bernath, C.D. Boone, R.E. Cofield, W.H. Daffer, B.J. Drouin, E.J. Fetzer, R.A. Fuller, R.F. Jarnot, J.H. Jiang, Y.B. Jiang, B.W. Knosp, K. Kruger, J-L.F. Li, M.G. Mlynczak, S. Pawson, J.M. Russell III, M.L. Santee, W.V. Snyder, P.C. Stek, R.P. Thurstans, A.M. Tompkins, P.A. Wagner, K.A. Walker, J.W. Waters, D.L. Wu, "Validation of the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder Temperature and Geopotential Height Measurements", vol 113, pgs. D15S11, 2008. Reprint
6. Santee, M.L., A. Lambert, W.G. Read, N.J. Livesey, G.L. Manney, R.E. Cofield, D.T. Cuddy, W.H. Daffer, B.J. Drouin, L. Froidevaux, R.A. Fuller, R.F. Jarnot, B.W. Knosp, V.S. Perun, W.V. Snyder, P.C. Stek, R.P. Thurstans, P.A. Wagner, J.W. Waters, B. Connor, J. Urban, D. Murtagh, P. Ricaud, B. Barrett, A. Kleinboehl, J. Kuttippurath, H. Kullmann, M. von Hobe, G.C. Toon, R.A. Stachnik, "Validation of the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder ClO Measurements", vol 113, pgs. D15S22, 2008. Reprint
7. Froidevaux, L., Y.B. Jiang, A. Lambert, N.J. Livesey, W.G. Read, J.W. Waters, R.A. Fuller, T.P. Marcy, P.J. Popp, R.S. Gao, D.W. Fahey, K.W. Jucks, R.A. Stachnik, G.C. Toon, L.E. Christensen, C.R. Webster, P.F. Bernath, C.D. Boone, K.A. Walker, H.C. Pumphrey, R.S. Harwood, G.L. Manney, M.J. Schwartz, W.H. Daffer, B.J. Drouin, R.E. Cofield, D.T. Cuddy, R.F. Jarnot, B.W. Knosp, V.S. Perun, W.V. Snyder, P.C. Stek, R.P. Thurstans, P.A. Wagner, "Validation of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder HCl measurements", vol 113, pgs. D15S25, 2008. Reprint
8. Sica, R.J., M.R. Izawa, K.A. Walker, C. Boone, S.V. Petelina, P.S. Argall, P. Bernath, G.B. Burns, V. Catoire, R.L. Collins, W.H. Daffer, C. De Clercq, Z.Y. Fan, B.J. Firanski, W.J.R. French, P. Gerard, M. Gerding, J. Granville, J.L. Innis, P. Keckhut, T. Kerzenmacher, A.R. Klekociuk, E. Kyro, J.C. Lambert, E.J. Llewellyn, G.L. Manney, I.S. McDermid, K. Mizutani, Y. Murayama, C. Piccolo, P. Raspollini, M. Ridolfi, C. Robert, W. Steinbrecht, K.B. Strawbridge, K. Strong, R. Stubi, B. Thurairajah, "Validation of the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE) Version 2.2 Temperature Using Ground-based and Space-borne Measurements", vol 8, pgs. 35-62, 2008. Reprint
9. Eriksson, P., M. Ekstrom, B. Rydberg, D.L. Wu, R.T. Austin, D.P. Murtagh, "Comparison between the first Odin-SMR, Aura MLS and CloudSat retrievals of cloud ice mass in the upper tropical troposphere", vol 8, pgs. 1937-1948, 2008. Reprint

2007

1. Jiang, Y.B., L. Froidevaux, A. Lambert, N.J. Livesey, W.G. Read, J.W. Waters, B. Bojkov, T. Leblanc, I.S. McDermid, S. Godin-Beekmann, M.J. Filipiak, R.S. Harwood, R.A. Fuller, W.H. Daffer, B.J. Drouin, R.E. Cofield, D.T. Cuddy, R.F. Jarnot, B.W. Knosp, V.S. Perun, M.J. Schwartz, W.V. Snyder, P.C. Stek, R.P. Thurstans, P.A. Wagner, M. Allaart, S.B. Andersen, G. Bodeker, B. Calpini, H. Claude, G. Coetzee, J. Davies, H. De Backer, H. Dier, M. Fujiwara, B. Johnson, H. Kelder, N.P. Leme, G. Konig-Langlo, E. Kyro, G. Laneve, L.S. Fook, J. Merrill, G. Morris, M. Newchurch, S. Oltmans, M.C. Parrondos, F. Posny, F. Schmidlin, P. Skrivankova, R. Stubi, D. Tarasick, A. Thompson, V. Thouret, P. Viatte, H. Vomel, P. von der Gathen, M. Yela, G. Zablocki, "Validation of the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder Ozone by Ozonesonde and Lidar Measurements", vol 112, pgs. D24S34, 2007. Reprint
2. Kovalenko, L.J., N.J. Livesey, R.J. Salawitch, C. Camy-Peyret, M.P. Chipperfield, R.E. Cofield, M. Dorf, B.J. Drouin, L. Froidevaux, R.A. Fuller, F. Goutail, R.F. Jarnot, K. Jucks, B.W. Knosp, A. Lambert, I.A. MacKenzie, K. Pfeilsticker, J-P. Pommereau, W.G. Read, M.L. Santee, M.J. Schwartz, W.V. Snyder, R. Stachnik, P.C. Stek, P.A. Wagner, J.W. Waters, "Validation of the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder BrO observations in the stratosphere", vol 112, pgs. D24S41, 2007. Reprint
3. Read, W.G., A. Lambert, J. Bacmeister, R.E. Cofield, L.E. Christensen, D.T. Cuddy, W.H. Daffer, B.J. Drouin, E. Fetzer, L. Froidevaux, R. Fuller, R. Herman, R.F. Jarnot, J.H. Jiang, Y.B. Jiang, K. Kelly, B.W. Knosp, H.C. Pumphrey, K.H. Rosenlof, X. Sabounchi, M.L. Santee, M.J. Schwartz, W.V. Snyder, P.C. Stek, H. Su, L.L. Takacs, R.P. Thurstans, H. Vomel, P.A. Wagner, J.W. Waters, C.R. Webster, E.M. Weinstock, D.L. Wu, "Aura Microwave Limb Sounder upper tropospheric and lower stratospheric H2O and relative humidity with respect to ice validation", vol 112, pgs. D24S35, 2007. Reprint Supplemental

2006

1. Livesey, N.J., W.V. Snyder, W.G. Read, P.A. Wagner, "Retrieval algorithms for the EOS Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) instrument", vol 44, num no. 5, pgs. 1144-1155, 2006. Reprint
2. Wu, D.L., J.H. Jiang, C.P. Davis, "EOS MLS cloud ice measurements and cloudy-sky radiative transfer model", vol 44, num no. 5, pgs. 1156-1165, 2006. Reprint
3. Cuddy, D.T., M.D. Echeverri, P.A. Wagner, A. Hanzel, R.A. Fuller, "EOS MLS science data processing system: A description of architecture and capabilities", vol 44, num no. 5, 2006. Reprint
4. Barret, B., P. Ricaud, M.L. Santee, J-L. Attie, J. Urban, E. Le Flochmoen, G. Berthet, D. Murtagh, P. Eriksson, A. Jones, J. de La Noe, E. Dupuy, L. Froidevaux, N.J. Livesey, J.W. Waters, M.J. Filipiak, "Intercomparisons of Trace Gas Profiles from the Odin/SMR and Aura/MLS Limb Sounders", vol 111, pgs. D21302, 2006. Reprint

2003

1. Livesey, N.J., W.G. Read, L. Froidevaux, J.W. Waters, H.C. Pumphrey, D.L. Wu, M.L. Santee, Z. Shippony, R.F. Jarnot, "The UARS Microwave Limb Sounder version 5 dataset: Theory, characterization and validation", vol 108, num D13, pgs. 4378, 2003. Reprint Supplemental Summary

2000

1. Livesey, N.J., W.G. Read, "Direct Retrieval of Line-of-Sight Atmospheric Structure from Limb Sounding Observations", vol 27, pgs. 891-894, 2000. Reprint

1999

1. , , "Validation of a new prototype water vapour retrieval for UARS MLS", vol 104, num D8, pgs. 9399-9412, 1999. Reprint
2. Pumphrey, H.C., S. Buehler, R.S. Harwood, "Instrumental and spectral parameters: their effect on and measurement by microwave limb sounding of the atmosphere", vol 64, pgs. 421-437, 1999. Reprint

1998

1. , , "Nonlinear retrievals of water vapour from the UARS Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS)", vol 21, pgs. 389-392, 1998. Reprint

1975

1. Waters, J.W., K.F. Kunzi, R.L. Pettyjohn, R.K.L. Poon, D.H. Staelin, "Remote sensing of atmospheric temperature profiles with the Nimbus 5 Microwave Spectrometer", vol 32, pgs. 1953, 1975. Reprint
2. Waters, J.W., D.H. Staelin, K.F. Kunzi, R.L. Pettyjohn, R.K.L. Poon, "Microwave remote sensing of atmospheric temperature profiles from the NIMBUS 5 Microwave Satellite", vol XV, pgs. 117, 1975.