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The MLS O3 Product

Contact: Lucien Froidevaux for stratosphere and above
Michael Schwartz for troposphere


Basic Information

Ozone has been an important molecule for decades, since it was realized that it plays a key role in shielding the Earth from UV radiation, which can adversely affect life at the Earth's surface (including causing an increase in the incidence of skin cander).
The O3 Molecule
 O3 molecule visualization


How it is part of MLS Science Objectives


Continued tracking of the changes in the stratospheric ozone layer (from about 15 to 50 km altitude) as well as the total column of ozone down to the ground are important goals for the Aura satellite. The roughly 3500 MLS ozone profiles obtained every day across the globe are a very useful component of this research. Global ozone depletion and the seasonal occurrence of the ozone hole over Antarctica have arisen in large part because of the rise in chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in the stratosphere as a result of industrial production; this production has now abated and a slow ozone recovery is expected in the next decades. In the troposphere, ozone is a pollutant that can impact health (breathing) and one of the main results of smog formation during the summer in many urban centers across the world. Satellites such as Aura can now provide useful information about long-range transport of pollution in the troposphere (from the ground to about 15 km altitude); ozone and carbon monoxide are key molecules being measured by MLS in the upper troposphere. Other Aura measurements play key roles for better global information about such tropospheric pollution.


How EOS MLS measures O3

The standard product for version 1.5 O3 is taken from the 240 GHz (Core+R3) retrieval.

Sample O3 retrieval
(map from 2005d264)
O3 Information from the Spectroscopy Database


Quick Product Information for data version v3.3

  • Swath Name: O3
  • Vertical Resolution:
    ~3 km from 261 - 0.2 hPa
    4 - 5.5 km from 0.1 to 0.02 hPa
  • Useful Range: 261 - 0.02 hPa
  • DAAC Short Name: ML2O3
  • Precision:
    ~0.04 ppmv from 215-46 hPa
    0.1-0.5 ppmv from 22-0.1 hPa
    1.4-0.9 ppmv from 0.05 - 0.02 hPa
  • Quality Threshold: 0.6
This product has the highest sensitivity down into the upper troposphere, as well as into the mesosphere. However, the mesosphere exhibits somewhat larger percentage ozone differences between the 240 GHz band results and other MLS bands, as well as in comparisons between MLS and other datasets (see Froidevaux et al. [2006]). While we are conservatively recommending 0.46 hPa as an upper limit for detailed analyses that require very accurate results, there is clearly good O3 sensitivity into the upper mesosphere. For example, this region at high latitudes has shown the impact of solar proton events on the MLS O3 distribution (as well as in the other radiometers' ozone retrievals). The MLS results for stratospheric ozone are in good agreement with many other datasets (see Froidevaux et al. 2006) but refinements are in progress and some high biases exist in the upper tropospheric values.


v3.3 O3 Averaging Kernel
O3 averaging kernel diagrams

colored lines are individual kernels; thick dashed line is full width at half maximum, thick solid is integrated kernel value

Publications related to the MLS O3 data product

2011

  1. Bencherif, H., "Analysis of a rapid increase of stratospheric ozone during late austral summer 2008 over Kerguelen (49.4S, 70.3E)", num 11, 2011. Reprint Preprint
  2. David, L.M., "Distribution of ozone and its precursors over Bay of Bengal during winter 2009: role of meterology", vol doi:10.5194/angeo-29-1613-2011, num 29, 2011. Preprint
  3. David, L.M., "Diurnal and seasonal variability of surface ozone and NOx at a tropical coastal site: Association with mesoscale and synoptic meteorological conditions", vol doi:10.1029/2010JD015076, num 116, 2011. Preprint
  4. de Laat, A.T.J., "The 2010 Antarctic ozone hole: Observed reduction in ozone destruction by minor sudden stratospheric warmings", vol 10.1038/srep00038, num 1, pgs. 38, 2011. Preprint
  5. Doughty, D.C., "An intercomparison of tropospheric ozone retrievals derived from two Aura instruments and measurements in western North America in 2006", vol doi:10.1029/2010JD014703, num 116, 2011. Preprint
  6. Dragani, R., "On the quality of the ERA-Interim ozone reanalyses: comparisons with satellite data", num 137, 2011. Preprint
  7. Feng, W., "Modelling the effect of denitrification on polar ozone depletion for Arctic winter 2004/2005", num 11, 2011. Preprint
  8. Jackman, C.H., "Northern Hemisphere atmospheric influence of the solar proton events and ground level enhancement in January 2005", vol doi:10.5194/acp-11-6153-2011, num 11, 2011. Preprint
  9. Jackson, D.R., "Low-ozone events in the southern polar summer as indicated by Met Office ozone analyses", vol doi:10.1029/2010JD014858, num 116, 2011. Reprint Preprint
  10. Kroon, M., "Validation of operational ozone profiles from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument", vol doi:10.1029/2010JD015100, num 116, 2011. Reprint Preprint
  11. Manney, G.L., "Unprecedented Arctic ozone loss in 2011", vol doi:10.1038/nature10556, num 478, 2011. Preprint
  12. Minschwaner, K.R., "Hydroxyl in the stratosphere and mesosphere - Part 1: Diurnal variability", num 11, 2011. Preprint
  13. Nair, P.J., "Coherence of long-term stratospheric ozone vertical distribution time series used for the study of ozone recovery at a northern mid-latitude station", vol doi:10.5194/acp-11-4957-2011, num 11, 2011. Reprint Preprint
  14. Nair, P.R., "Ozone in the marine boundary layer of Bay of Bengal during post-winter period: Spatial pattern and role of meteorology", num 45, 2011. Preprint
  15. Oman, L.D., "The response of tropical tropospheric ozone to ENSO", vol doi:10.1029/2011GL047865, num 38, 2011. Preprint
  16. Santee, M.L., "Trace gas evolution in the lowermost stratosphere from Aura Microwave Limb Sounder measurements", vol 10.1029/2011JD015590, num 116, 2011. Preprint
  17. Thieblemont, R., "Frozen‐in anticyclones occurring in polar Northern Hemisphere during springtime: Characterization, occurrence and link with quasi‐biennial oscillation", vol 10.1029/2011JD016042, num 116, 2011. Preprint
  18. Zhang, L., "Impacts of 2006 Indonesian fires and dynamics on tropical upper tropospheric carbon monoxide and ozone", vol doi:10.5194/acp-11-10929-2011, pgs. 11, 2011. Preprint
  19. Ziemke, J.R., "A global climatology of tropospheric and stratospheric ozone derived from Aura OMI and MLS measurements", vol 10.5194/acp-11-9237-2011, num 11, 2011. Preprint

2010

  1. Barret, B., "Impact of West African Monsoon convective transport and lightning NOx production upon the upper tropospheric composition: a multi-model study", vol doi:10.5194/acp-10-5719-2010, num 10, 2010. Reprint Preprint
  2. Biago, C.D., "Evolution of temperature, O3, CO, and N2O profiles during the exceptional 2009 Arctic major stratospheric warming as observed by lidar and millimeter‐wave spectroscopy at Thule (76.5N, 68.8W), Greenland", vol doi:10.1029/2010JD014070, num 115, 2010. Preprint
  3. Damiani, A., "The hydroxyl radical as an indicator of SEP fluxes in the high-latitude terrestrial atmosphere", num 46, 2010. Preprint
  4. Damiani, A., "Variability of the nighttime OH layer and mesospheric ozone at high latitudes during northern winter: influence of meteorology", vol doi:10.5194/acp-10-10291-2010, num 10, 2010. Reprint Preprint
  5. El Amraoui, L., "Midlatitude stratosphere - troposphere exchange as diagnosed by MLS O3 and MOPITT CO assimilated fields", num 10, 2010. Preprint
  6. Fadnavis, S., "Features of SAO in ozone and temperature over tropical stratosphere by wavelet analysis", num 31, pgs. 2, 2010.
  7. Fadnavis, S., "Seasonal stratospheric intrusion of ozone in the upper troposphere over India", num 28, 2010. Reprint Preprint
  8. Haigh, J.D., "An influence of solar spectral variations on radiative forcing of climate", vol doi:10.1038/nature09426, num 467, 2010. Reprint Preprint
  9. Han, W., "The 4D-Var assimilation of ozone-sensitive infrared radiances measured by IASI", num 136, 2010. Preprint
  10. Hegglin, M.I., "Multimodel assessment of the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere: Extratropics", vol doi:10.1029/2010JD013884, num 115, 2010. Reprint Preprint
  11. Huang, M., "Impacts of transported background ozone on California air quality during the ARCTAS-CARB period - a multi-scale modeling study", num 10, 2010. Reprint Preprint
  12. Huang, F.T., "Ozone diurnal variations in the stratosphere and lower mesosphere, based on measurements from SABER and TIMED", vol doi:10.1029/2010JD014484, num 115, 2010. Reprint Preprint
  13. Kar, J., "Are there urban signatures in the tropospheric ozone column products derived from satellite measurements?", vol doi:10.5194/acp-10-5213-2010, num 10, pgs. 11, 2010. Reprint Preprint
  14. Kar, J., "Wintertime pollution over the Eastern Indio-Gangetic Plains as observed from MOPITT, CALIPSO and tropospheric ozone residual data", num 10, 2010. Preprint
  15. Kikuchi, K., "Overview and early results of the Superconducting Submillimeter Wave Limb-Emission Sounder (SMILES)", vol doi:10.1029/2010JD014379, num 115, 2010. Reprint Preprint
  16. Konopka, P., "Annual cycle of ozone at and above the tropical tropopause: observations versus simulations with the Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere (CLaMS)", num 9, 2010. Reprint Preprint
  17. Kuttippurath, J., "Spatial, temporal, and vertical variability of polar stratospheric ozone loss in the Arctic winters 2004/2005-2009/2010", vol doi:10.5194/acp-10-9915-2010, num 10, 2010. Reprint Preprint
  18. Liu, X., "Validation of Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) ozone profiles and stratospheric ozone columns with Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) measurements", num 10, 2010. Preprint
  19. Massart, S., "On the Merits of Using a 3D-FGAT Assimilation Scheme with an Outer Loop for Atmospheric Situations Governed by Transport", vol doi:10.1175/2010MWR3237.1, num 138, 2010. Preprint
  20. Olsen, M.A., "Interannual variability of ozone in the winter lower stratosphere and the relationaship to lamina and irrerversible transport", vol doi:10.1029/2009JD013004, num 115, 2010. Preprint
  21. Palm, M., "The ground-based MW radiometer OZORAM on Spitsbergen - description and status of stratospheric and meospheric O3-measurements", vol doi:10.5194/amt-3-1533-2010, num 3, 2010. Preprint
  22. Petropavlovskikh, I., "Low-ozone bubbles observed in the tropical tropopause layer during the TC4 campaign in 2007", vol doi:10.1029/2009JD012804, num 115, 2010. Reprint Preprint
  23. Tarasick, D.W., "High-resolution tropospheric ozone fields for INTEX and ARCTAS from IONS ozonesondes", vol doi:10.1029/2009JD012918, num 115, 2010. Reprint Preprint
  24. Xu, J., "Seasonal variation of the Hough modes of the diurnal component of ozone heating evaluated from Aura Microwave Limb Sounder Observations", vol doi:10.1029/2009JD013179, num 115, 2010. Preprint
  25. Yang, Q., "A study of tropospheric ozone column enhancements over North America using satellite data and a global chemical transport model", vol doi:10.1029/2009JD012616, num 115, 2010. Reprint Preprint
  26. Zhao, C., "Impact of East Asian summer monsoon on the air quality over China: View from space", vol doi:10.1029/2009JD012745, num 115, 2010. Preprint
  27. Ziemke, J.R., "A new ENSO index derived from satellite measurements of column ozone", num 10, 2010. Preprint

2009

  1. Belova, A., "Planetary waves in ozone and temperature in the Northern Hemisphere winters of 2002/2003 and early 2005", num 27, 2009. Preprint
  2. Chandra, S., "Effects of the 2006 El Nino on tropospheric ozone and carbon monoxide: implications for dynamics and biomass burning", num 9, 2009. Reprint Preprint
  3. Chauhan, S., "MIPAS reduced spectral resolution UTLS-1 mode measurements of temperature, O3, HNO3, N2O, H2O and relative humidity over ice: retrievals and comparison to MLS", num 2, 2009. Preprint
  4. Dupuy, E., "Validation of ozone measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)", num 9, 2009. Reprint Preprint
  5. Eckermann, S.D., "High-altitude data assimilation system experiments for the northern summer mesosphere season of 2007", vol doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2008.09.036 , num 71, 2009. Reprint Preprint
  6. Fadnavis, S., "Quasi-biennial oscillation in ozone and temperature over tropics", vol doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2008.11.012, num 71, 2009. Reprint Preprint
  7. Flury, T., "Ozone depletion, water vapor increase, and PSC generation at midlatitudes by the 2008 major stratospheric warming", vol doi:10.1029/2009JD011940, num 114, 2009. Preprint
  8. Fueglistaler, S., "The Tropical Tropopause Layer", vol doi:10.1029/2008RG000267, num 47, 2009. Reprint Preprint
  9. Hegglin, M.I., "A global view of the extratropical tropopause transition layer from Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer O3, H2O, and CO", vol doi:10.1029/2008JD009984, num 114, 2009. Reprint Preprint
  10. Joiner, J., "Accurate satellite-derived estimates of the tropospheric ozone impact on the global radiation budget", num 9, 2009. Reprint Preprint
  11. Jones, A., "Evolution of stratospheric ozone and water vapour time series studied with satellite measurements", num 9, 2009. Reprint Preprint
  12. Kawa, S.R., "Sensitivity of polar stratospheric ozone loss to uncertainties in chemical reaction kinetics", num 9, 2009. Preprint
  13. Kuttippurath, J., "Ozone depletion in the Arctic winter 2007-2008", vol doi:10.1080/01431160902821965, num 30, pgs. 15-16, 2009. Reprint Preprint
  14. Manney, G.L., "Satellite Observations and Modelling of Transport in the Upper Troposphere through the Lower Mesosphere During the 2006 Major Stratospheric Sudden Warming", num 9, 2009. Reprint Preprint
  15. Massart, S., "First steps towards the assimilation of IASI ozone data into the MOCAGE-PALM system", num 9, 2009. Preprint
  16. Pitts, M.C., "CALIPSO polar stratospheric cloud observations: second-generation detection algorithm and composition discrimination", num 9, 2009. Reprint Preprint
  17. Popp, P.J., "Stratospheric correlation between nitric acid and ozone", vol doi:10.1029/2008JD010875, num 114, 2009. Preprint
  18. Rafanelli, C., "Stratospheric ozone during the arctic winter: Brewer measurements in Ny-Alesund", vol doi:10.1080/01431160902825065, num 30, pgs. 15-16, 2009. Reprint
  19. Rong, P.P., "Validation of Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics/Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (TIMED/SABER) v1.07 ozone at 9.6 μm in altitude range 15-70 km", vol doi:10.1029/2008JD010073, num 114, 2009. Preprint
  20. Semane, N., "On the extraction of wind information from the assimilation of ozone profiles in Meteo-France 4-D-Var operational NWP suite", num 9, 2009. Preprint
  21. Singh, H.B., "Chemistry and transport of pollution over the Gulf of Mexico and the Pacific: spring 2006 INTEX-B campaign overview and first results", num 9, 2009. Preprint
  22. Worden, J., "Observed vertical distribution of tropospheric ozone during the Asian summertime monsoon", vol doi:10.1029/2008JD010560, num 114, 2009. Reprint Preprint
  23. Ziemke, J.R., "Ozone mixing ratios inside tropical deep convective clouds from OMI satellite measurements", num 9, 2009. Preprint
  24. Ziemke, J.R., "Recent biomass burning in the tropics and related changes in tropospheric ozone", vol doi:10.1029/2009GL039303, num 36, 2009. Reprint Preprint

2008

  1. Coffey, M.T., "Airborne Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) observations in support of EOS Aura validation", vol doi:10.1029/2007JD008833, num 113, 2008. Reprint Preprint
  2. Considine, D.B., "Noncoincident validation of Aura MLS observations using the Langley Research Center Lagrangian chemistry and transport model", vol doi:10.1029/2007JD008770, num 113, 2008. Reprint Preprint
  3. Damiani, A., "Solar particle effects on minor components of the Polar atmosphere", num 26, pgs. 2, 2008. Reprint Preprint
  4. El Amraoui, L., "Investigation of dynamical processes in the polar stratospheric vortex during the unusually cold winter 2004/2005", vol doi:10.1029/2007GL031251, num 35, 2008. Preprint
  5. Fadnavis, S., "Spatiotemporal variation of the ozone QBO in MLS data by wavelet analysis", num 26, 2008. Preprint
  6. Fraser, A., "Intercomparison of UV-visible measurements of ozone and NO2 during the Canadian Arctic ACE validation campaigns: 2004–2006", num 8, 2008. Preprint
  7. Froidevaux, L., "Validation of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder stratospheric ozone measurements", vol doi:10.1029/2007JD008771, num 113, 2008. Reprint Preprint
  8. Harvey, V.L., "Low-ozone pockets observed by EOS-MLS", vol doi:10.1029/2007JD009181, num 113, 2008. Reprint Preprint
  9. Hegglin, M.I., "Validation of ACE-FTS satellite date in the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS) using non-coincident measurements", num 8, 2008. Reprint Preprint
  10. Huang, F.T., "Ozone quasi-biennial oscillations (QBO), semiannual oscillations (SAO), and correlations with temperature in the mesosphere, lower thermosphere, and stratosphere, based on measurements from SABER on TIMED and MLS on UARS", vol doi:10.1029/2007JA012634, num 113, 2008. Preprint
  11. Jackson, D.R., "Estimation of Arctic ozone loss in winter 2004/05 based on assimilation of EOS MLS observations", vol doi:10.1002/qj.316, num 134, 2008. Reprint Preprint
  12. Krzyscin, J.W., "Comparison of ozone profiles by the Umkerhr measurements taken at Belsk (52°N, 21°E) with the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder overpasses: 2004-2006", vol doi:10.1029/2007JD008586, num 113, 2008. Preprint
  13. Livesey, N.J., "Validation of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder O3 and CO observations in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere", vol doi:10.1029/2007JD008805, num 113, 2008. Reprint Preprint
  14. Manson, A.H., "Regional stratospheric warmings in the Pacific-Western Canada (PWC) sector during winter 2004/2005: implications for temperatures, winds, chemical constituents and the characterization of the Polar vortex", num 26, 2008. Preprint
  15. Migliorini, S., "Evaluation of ozone total column measurements by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument using a data assimilation system", vol doi:10.1029/2007JD008779, num 113, 2008. Preprint
  16. Nardi, B., "Initial validation of ozone measurements from the High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder", vol doi:10.1029/2007JD008837, num 113, 2008. Reprint Preprint
  17. Osterman, G.B., "Validation of Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) measurements of the total, stratospheric, and tropospheric column abundance of ozone", vol doi:10.1029/2007JD008801, num 113, 2008. Preprint
  18. Petropavlovskikh, I., "In-flight validation of Aura MLS ozone with CAFS partial ozone columns", vol doi:10.1029/2007JD008690, num 113, 2008. Preprint
  19. Roesevall, J.D., "A study of ozone depletion in the 2004/2005 Arctic winter based on data from Odin/SMR and Aura/MLS", vol doi:10.1029/2007JD009560, num 113, 2008. Preprint
  20. Rohen, G.J., "Ozone profile retrieval from limb scatter measurements in the HARTLEY bands: further retrieval details and profile comparisons", num 8, 2008. Preprint
  21. Santee, M.L., "A study of stratospheric chlorine partitioning based on new", vol doi:10.1029/2007JD009057, num 113, 2008. Reprint Preprint
  22. Stajner, I., "Assimiated ozone from EOS-Aura: Evaluation of the tropopause region and tropospheric columns", vol doi:10.1029/2007JD008863, num 113, 2008. Reprint Preprint

2007

  1. Chandra, S., "Effects of the 2004 El Nino on tropospheric ozone and water vapor", vol doi:10.1029/2006GL028779, num 34, 2007. Preprint
  2. Feng, L., "Equatorial Kelvin waves as revealed by EOS Microwave Limb Sounder observations and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts analyses: Evidence for slow Kelvin waves of zonal wave number 3", vol doi:10.1029/2006JD008329, num 112, 2007. Preprint
  3. Grooss, J-U., "Simulation of ozone loss in Arctic winter 2004/2005", vol doi:10.1029/2006GL028901, num 34, 2007. Reprint Preprint
  4. Jackson, D.R., "Assimilation of EOS MLS ozone observations in the Met Office data-assimilation system", vol doi:10.1002/qj.140, num 133, 2007. Reprint Preprint
  5. Jiang, Y.B., "Validation of the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder Ozone by Ozonesonde and Lidar Measurements", vol doi:10.1029/2007JD008776, num 112, 2007. Reprint Preprint
  6. Manney, G.L., "Solar Occultation Satellite Data and Derived Meteorological Products: Sampling Issues and Comparisons with Aura MLS", vol doi:10.1029/2007JD008709, num 112, 2007. Reprint Preprint
  7. Mercer, J.L., "Comparison of measured and modeled ozone above McMurdo Station, Antarctica, 1989-2003, during Austral winter/spring", vol doi:10.1029/2006JD007982, num 112, 2007. Reprint Preprint
  8. Pitts, M.C., "Characterization of Polar Stratospheric Clouds with spaceborne lidar: CALIPSO and the 2006 Antarctic season", num 7, 2007. Reprint Preprint
  9. Randel, W.J., "A large annual cycle in ozone above the tropical tropopause linked to the Brewer-Dobson circulation", vol doi:10.1175/2007JAS2409.1, num 64, 2007. Reprint Preprint
  10. Ruzmaikin, A., "The 27-day variations in stratospheric ozone and temperature: New MLS Data", vol doi:10.1029/2006GL028419, num 34, 2007. Reprint Preprint
  11. Schoeberl, M.R., "A trajectory-based estimate of the tropospheric ozone column using the residual method", vol doi:10.1029/2007JD008773, num 112, 2007. Reprint Preprint
  12. Singleton, C.S., "Quantifying Arctic ozone loss during the 2004-2005 winter using satellite observations and a chemical transport model", vol doi:10.1029/2006JD007463, num 112, 2007. Reprint Preprint
  13. Strahan, S.E., "Observationally derived transport diagnostics for the lowermost stratosphere and their application to the GMI chemistry and transport model ", num 7, 2007. Preprint
  14. Yang, Q., "Midlatitude tropospheric ozone columns derived from the Aura Ozone Monitoring Instrument and Microwave Limb Sounder measurements", vol doi:10.1029/2007JD008528, num 112, 2007. Preprint
  15. Ziemke, J.R., "Intra-seasonal variability in tropospheric ozone and water vapor in the tropics", vol doi:10.1029/2007GL030965, num 34, 2007. Preprint

2006

  1. Barret, B., "Intercomparisons of Trace Gas Profiles from the Odin/SMR and Aura/MLS Limb Sounders", vol doi:10.1029/2006JD007305, num 111, 2006. Reprint Preprint
  2. Cofield, R.E., "Design and field-of-view calibration of 114-660 GHz optics of the Earth Observing System Microwave Limb Sounder", num 44, pgs. no. 5, 2006. Preprint
  3. Froidevaux, L., "Early validation analyses of atmospheric profiles from EOS MLS on the Aura satellite", num 44, pgs. no. 5, 2006. Preprint
  4. Irie, H., "Validation of stratospheric nitric acid concentration profiles observed by Improved Limb Atmospheric Sectrometer (ILAS)-II", vol doi:10.1029/2005JD006115, num 111, 2006. Reprint Preprint
  5. Jing, P., "Summertime tropospheric ozone columns from Aura OMI/MLS measurements versus regional model results over the United States", vol doi:10.1029/2006GL026473, num 33, 2006. Reprint Preprint
  6. Leblanc, T., "Simultaneous lidar and MLS measurements, and modeling, of a rare polar ozone filament event over Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii", vol doi:10.1029/2006GL026257, num 33, 2006. Reprint Preprint
  7. Manney, G.L., "EOS Microwave Limb Sounder Observations of 'frozen-in' anticyclone air in Arctic summer", vol doi:10.1029/2005GL025418, num 33, 2006. Preprint Abstract
  8. Manney, G.L., "EOS MLS observations of ozone loss in the 2004-2005 Arctic winter", vol doi:10.1029/2005GL024494, num 33, 2006. Reprint Preprint
  9. McCormack, J.P., "CHEM2D-OPP: A new linearized gas-phase ozone photochemistry parameterization for high-altitude NWP and climate models", num 6, 2006. Reprint Preprint
  10. Oikonomou, E.K., "Evaluation of ozone and water vapor fields from the ECMWF reanalysis ERA-40 during 1991-1999 in comparison with UARS satellite and MOZAIC aircraft observations", vol doi:10.1029/2004JD005341, num 111, 2006. Reprint Preprint
  11. Schoeberl, M.R., "Chemical Observations of a Polar Vortex Intrusion", vol doi:10.1029/2006JD007134, num 111, 2006. Reprint Preprint
  12. Ziemke, J.R., "Tropospheric ozone determined from Aura OMI and MLS: Evaluation of measurements and comparison with the Global Modeling Initiative", vol doi:10.1029/2006JD007089, num 111, 2006. Reprint Preprint

2005

  1. Manney, G.L., "EOS Microwave Limb Sounder Observations of the Antarctic Polar Vortex Breakup in 2004", vol doi:10.1029/2005GL022823, num 32, 2005. Preprint
  2. Santee, M.L., "Polar processing and development of the 2004 Antarctic ozone hole: First results from Aura MLS", vol doi:10.1029/2005GL022582, num 32, 2005. Preprint
  3. Wu, D.L., "Interannual and Seasonal Variations of Diurnal Tide, Gravity Wave, Ozone, and Water Vapor as Observed by MLS during 1991-1994", num 35, 2005. Preprint

2004

  1. Drouin, B.J., "Temperature dependent pressure induced lineshape of O3 rotational transitions in air", num 83, pgs. Issue 1, 2004. Preprint
  2. Mote, P.W., "Kelvin wave signatures in stratospheric trace constituents", vol doi:10.1029/2002JD003370, num 109, 2004. Preprint

2003

  1. Chandra, S., "Tropospheric ozone at tropical and middle latitudes derived from TOMS/MLS residual: Comparison with a global model", vol doi:10.1029/2002JD002912, num 108, pgs. D9, 2003. Preprint
  2. Manney, G.L., "Variability of ozone loss during Arctic winter (1991 to 2000) estimated from UARS Microwave Limb Sounder measurements", vol doi:10.1029/2002JD002634, num 108, pgs. D4, 2003. Preprint
  3. Mueller, R., "Chlorine activation and chemical loss deduced from HALOE and balloon measurements in the Arctic during the winter of 1999-2000", vol doi:10.1029/2001JD001423, num 108, pgs. D5, 2003. Reprint Preprint
  4. Rex, M., "On the unexplained stratospheric ozone losses during cold Arctic Januaries", vol doi:10.1029/2002GL016008, num 30, 2003. Reprint Preprint

2002

  1. Danilin, M.Y., "Comparison of ER-2 aircraft and POAM-III, MLS, and SAGE II satellite measurements during SOLVE using traditional correlative analysis and trajectory hunting techniques", vol doi:10.1029/2002JD000781, num 107, pgs. D5, 2002. Reprint Preprint
  2. Danilin, M.Y., "Trajectory hunting as an effective technique to validate multiplatform measurements: Analysis of the MLS, HALOE, SAGE-II, ILAS, and POAM-II data in October-November 1996", vol doi:10.1029/2001JD002012, num 107, pgs. D20, 2002. Preprint
  3. Harris, N R.P., "Comparison of empirically derived ozone loss rates in the Arctic vortex", vol doi:10.1029/2001JD000482, num 107, pgs. D20, 2002. Preprint
  4. Struthers, H., "Assimilation of Ozone Profiles and Total Column Measurements into a Global General Circulation Model", vol doi:10.1029/2001JD000957, num 107, pgs. D20, 2002. Reprint Preprint

2001

  1. Azeem, S M.I., "Observations of the 2-day wave in UARS MLS temperature and ozone measurements", num 28, pgs. D16, 2001. Preprint
  2. Manney, G.L., "Comparison of satellite ozone observations in coincident air masses in early November 1994", num 106, pgs. D9, 2001. Preprint
  3. Marsh, D., "The existence of a tertiary ozone maximum in the high-latitude middle mesosphere", num 28, 2001. Preprint
  4. Orsolini, Y.J., "Lagrangian reconstruction of ozone column and profile at the Arctic Lidar Observatory for Middle Atmosphere Research (ALOMAR) throughout the winter and spring of 1997-98", num 106, pgs. D9, 2001. Reprint Preprint
  5. Wu, J., "Comparisons between measurements and models of Antarctic ozone loss", num 106, pgs. D3, 2001. Preprint

2000

  1. Cunnold, D.M., "Uncertainties in upper stratospheric ozone trends from 1979 to 1996", num 105, pgs. D4, 2000. Preprint
  2. Santee, M.L., "UARS Microwave Limb Sounder Observations of Denitrification and Ozone Loss in the 2000 Arctic Late Winter", num 27, 2000. Preprint

1999

  1. McPeters, R.D., "Results from the 1995 stratospheric ozone profile intercomparison at Mauna Loa (MLO3)", num 104, pgs. D23, 1999. Preprint
  2. Mlynczak, M.G., "A Detailed Evaluation of the Stratospheric Heat Budget, 2. Global Radiation Balance and Diabatic Circulations", num 104, pgs. D6, 1999. Preprint
  3. Randel, W.J., "Space-time patterns of trends in stratospheric constituents derived from UARS measurements", num 104, pgs. D3, 1999. Preprint
  4. Sassi, F., "Diurnal variations in the middle atmosphere observed by UARS", num 104, pgs. D3, 1999. Preprint
  5. Solomon, S., "Stratospheric ozone depletion: A review of concepts and history", num 37, 1999. Preprint
  6. Wang, H.J., "A reference model for middle atmosphere ozone in 1992/1993", num 104, pgs. D17, 1999. Reprint Preprint

1998

  1. Brinksma, E.J., "Analysis of Record-Low Ozone Values During the 1997 Winter over Lauder, New Zealand", num 25, 1998. Preprint
  2. Chandra, S., "Effects of 1997-1998 El Nino on tropospheric ozone and water vapor", num 25, 1998. Preprint
  3. Considine, D.B., "Interhemispheric asymmetry in the 1 mbar O3 trend: An analysis using an interactive zonal mean model and UARS data", num 103, pgs. D1, 1998. Preprint
  4. Dessler, A.E., "Selected science highlights from the first 5 years of the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) program", num 36, 1998. Reprint Preprint
  5. Grant, W.B., "Correlative stratospheric ozone measurements with the airborne UV DIAL system during TOTE/VOTE", num 25, 1998. Preprint
  6. Harris, N., "Assessment of trends in the vertical distribution of ozone", num Rep. 43, 1998.
  7. Hood, L.L., "Stratospheric effects of 27-day solar ultraviolet variations: An analysis of UARS MLS ozone and temperature data", num 103, pgs. D3, 1998. Preprint
  8. Khosravi, R., "Significant Reduction in Stratospheric Ozone Deficit using a 3-D Model Constrained with UARS Data", num 103, pgs. D13, 1998. Reprint Preprint
  9. Levelt, P.F., "Assimilation of the MLS ozone measurements in the global three-dimensional chemistry transport model ROSE", num 25, 1998. Preprint
  10. Manney, G.L., "Modelling ozone laminae in ground-based Arctic wintertime observations using trajectory calculations and satellite data", num 103, pgs. D5, 1998. Preprint
  11. Morris, G.A., "Low ozone pockets explained", num 103, pgs. D3, 1998. Preprint
  12. Nair, H., "Localized Rapid Ozone Loss in the Northern Winter Stratosphere: An Analysis of UARS Observations", num 103, pgs. D1, 1998. Preprint
  13. Ricaud, P., "Stratosphere over Dumont d'Urville, Antarctica, in winter 1992", num 103, pgs. D11, 1998. Preprint
  14. Ziemke, J.R., "Two new methods for deriving tropospheric column ozone from TOMS measurements: Assimilated UARS MLS/HALOE and convective-cloud differential techniques", num 103, pgs. D17, 1998. Preprint

1997

  1. Allen, D.R., "The 4-day wave as observed from the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite Microwave Limb Sounder", num 54, 1997. Preprint
  2. Engel, A., "Partitioning Between Chlorine Reservoir Species Deduced from Observations in the Arctic Winter Stratosphere", num 27, 1997. Preprint
  3. Huang, F.T., "Ozone diurnal variations observed by UARS and their model simulation", num 102, pgs. D11, 1997. Reprint Preprint
  4. Manney, G.L., "MLS observations of Arctic ozone loss in 1996-97", num 24, 1997. Preprint
  5. Orsolini, Y.J., "Dynamical modelling of wintertime lidar observations in the arctic: Ozone laminae and ozone depletion", num 123, 1997. Reprint Preprint
  6. Pumphrey, H.C., "Water Vapour and Ozone in the Mesosphere as measured by UARS MLS", num 24, 1997. Preprint
  7. Santee, M.L., "MLS observations of ClO and HNO3 in the 1996-97 Arctic polar vortex", num 24, 1997. Preprint

1996

  1. Chance, K., "Simultaneous measurements of stratospheric HOx, NOx and Clx: Comparsion with a photochemical model", num 101, pgs. D4, 1996. Preprint
  2. Chandra, S., "Ozone variability in the upper stratosphere during the declining phase of solar cycle 22", num 23, 1996. Preprint
  3. Chipperfield, M.P., "Analyses of UARS data in the southern polar vortex in September 1992 using a chemical transport model", num 101, pgs. D13, 1996. Reprint Preprint
  4. Cunnold, D., "Comparisons between Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment II and microwave limb sounder ozone measurements and aliasing of SAGE II ozone trends in the lower stratosphere", num 101, pgs. D6, 1996. Reprint Preprint
  5. Cunnold, D., "Overview of UARS ozone validation based primarily on intercomparisons among UARS and Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment II measurements", num 101, pgs. D6, 1996. Reprint Preprint
  6. Eluszkiewicz, J., "Residual circulation in the stratosphere and lower mesosphere as diagnosed from Microwave Limb Sounder data", num 53, 1996. Preprint
  7. Froidevaux, L., "Validation of UARS Microwave Limb Sounder ozone measurements", num 101, pgs. D6, 1996. Preprint
  8. Jackman, C.H., "Past, present, and future modeled ozone trends with comparisons to observed trends", num 101, pgs. D22, 1996. Preprint
  9. MacKenzie, I., "Chemical loss of polar vortex ozone inferred from UARS MLS measurements of ClO during the Arctic and Antarctic springs of 1993", num 101, pgs. D9, 1996. Preprint
  10. Manney, G.L., "Arctic ozone depletion observed by UARS MLS during the 1994-95 winter", num 23, 1996. Preprint
  11. Manney, G.L., "Polar vortex conditions during the 1995-96 Arctic winter: Meteorology and MLS ozone", num 23, 1996. Preprint
  12. Ricaud, P., "Diurnal variability of mesospheric ozone as measured by the UARS microwave limb sounder instrument: Theoretical and ground-based validations", num 101, pgs. D6, 1996. Preprint
  13. Santee, M.L., "Polar vortex conditions during the 1995-96 Arctic winter: MLS ClO and HNO3", num 23, 1996. Preprint
  14. Schoeberl, M.R., "The development of the Antarctic ozone hole", num 101, pgs. D15, 1996. Preprint
  15. Ziemke, J.R., "Zonal asymmetries in southern hemisphere column ozone: Implications of biomass burning", num 101, pgs. D9, 1996. Preprint

1995

  1. Canziani, P.O., "Equatorial Kelvin wave variability during 1992 and 1993", num 100, pgs. D3, 1995. Preprint
  2. Douglass, A.R., "Interhemispheric differences in springtime production of HCl and ClONO2 in the polar vortices", num 100, pgs. D7, 1995. Preprint
  3. Eckman, R.S., "Stratospheric trace constituents simulated by a three-dimensional general circulation model: Comparison with UARS data", num 100, pgs. D7, 1995. Preprint
  4. Fahey, D.W., "Polar Ozone", num 1994, pgs. ch.4, 1995.
  5. Jones, R.L., "Tropical and midlatitude ozone", num 1994, pgs. ch.4, 1995.
  6. Manney, G.L., "Evidence for arctic ozone depletion in late February and early March 1994", num 22, 1995. Preprint
  7. Manney, G.L., "Evolution of microwave limb sounder ozone and the polar vortex during winter", num 100, pgs. D2, 1995. Preprint
  8. Manney, G.L., "Formation of low ozone pockets in the middle stratosphere anticyclone during winter", num 100, pgs. D7, 1995. Reprint Preprint
  9. Manney, G.L., "Lagrangian transport calculations using UARS data. Part II: Ozone", num 52, 1995. Preprint
  10. Randel, W.J., "Ozone and temperature changes in the stratosphere following the eruption of Mount Pinatubo", num 100, pgs. D8, 1995. Preprint
  11. Ricaud, P.D., "Polar stratospheric clouds as deduced from MLS and CLAES measurements", num 22, 1995. Preprint
  12. Rosenlof, K.H., "Seasonal cycle of the residual mean meridional circulation in the stratosphere", num 100, pgs. D3, 1995. Preprint
  13. Santee, M.L., "Interhemispheric differences in polar stratospheric HNO3, H2O, ClO and O3", num 267, 1995. Preprint

1994

  1. Canziani, P.O., "Equatorial Kelvin Waves: A UARS MLS View", num 51, 1994. Preprint
  2. Elson, L.S., "Large-scale variations in ozone from the first two years of UARS MLS data", num 51, 1994. Preprint
  3. Froidevaux, L., "Global ozone observations from UARS MLS: an overview of zonal mean results", num 51, 1994. Preprint
  4. Lefevre, F., "Chemistry of the 1991-1992 stratospheric winter: Three-dimensional model simulations", num 99, pgs. D4, 1994. Preprint
  5. Manney, G.L., "Chemical depletion of ozone in the Arctic lower stratosphere during winter 1992-93", num 370, 1994. Preprint
  6. Ray, E., "The tropical semiannual oscillation in temperature and ozone observed by the MLS", num 51, 1994. Preprint
  7. Redaelli, G., "UARS MLS O3 soundings compared with lidar measurements using the conservative coordinates reconstruction technique", num 21, 1994. Preprint

1993

  1. Elson, L.S., "The use of Fourier transforms for asynoptic mapping: Early results from the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite Microwave Limb Sounder", num 98, 1993. Reprint Preprint
  2. Geller, M.A., "3-D transport-chemistry studies of the stratosphere using satellite data together with data assimilation", 1993.
  3. Manney, G.L., "The evolution of ozone observed by UARS MLS in the 1992 late winter southern polar vortex", num 20, 1993. Reprint Preprint
  4. Waters, J.W., "Lower stratospheric ClO and O3 in the 1992 southern hemisphere winter", num 20, 1993. Reprint Preprint
  5. Waters, J.W., "Stratospheric ClO and ozone from the Microwave Limb Sounder on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite", num 362, 1993. Preprint
  6. Waters, J.W., "The chlorine threat to stratospheric ozone", num LVI, 1993.

1992

  1. Oh, J.J., "Pressure broadening of ozone lines near 184 and 206 GHz by nitrogen and oxygen", num 48, 1992.

1990

  1. Robbins, D., "Ozone measurements from the balloon intercomparison campaign", num 10, 1990.




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