References


Alexander, M. J., Interpretations of observed climatological patterns in stratospheric gravity wave variance, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 8627-8640, 1998.

Cariolle, D., S. Muller, and F. Cayla, Mountain waves, stratospheric clouds, and the ozone depletion over Antarctica, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 11,233-11,240, 1989.

Carslaw, K. S., et al., Increased stratospheric ozone depletion due to mountain-induced atmospheric waves, Nature, 391, 675-678, 1998.

Dewan EM, Picard RH, O'Neil RR, et al., MSX satellite observations of thunderstorm-generated gravity waves in mid-wave infrared images of the upper stratosphere, GEOPHYS RES LETT 25 (7): 939-942 APR 1 1998

Eckermann SD, Preusse P, Global measurements of stratospheric mountain waves from space, SCIENCE 286 (5444): 1534-1537 NOV 19 1999.

Eckermann, S. D., and D. L. Wu, Imaging gravity waves in lower stratospheric AMSU-A radiances, Part 1: Simple forward model, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 6, 1953-2001, 2006.

Eckermann, S. D., et al., Imaging gravity waves in lower stratospheric AMSU-A radiances, Part 2: Validation case study, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 6, 2003-2058, 2006.

Eckermann, S. D., et al., Imaging gravity waves in lower stratospheric AMSU-A radiances, SPARC Newsletter, 26, 30-33, 2006

Eidmann G, Offermann D, Jarisch M, Preusse P, Eckermann SD, and Schmidlin FJ, Horizontal temperature variability in the stratosphere: Global variations inferred from CRISTA data,Adv. SPACE RESEARCH, 27 (10): 1641-1646 2001.

Fetzer, E.J., and J.C. Gille, Gravity wave variance in LIMS temperatures. Part I: Variability and comparison with background winds. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2461-2483, 1994.

Fishbein, E. F., R.E. Cofield, L. Froidevaux, R.F. Jarnot, T. Lungu, W.G. Read, Z. Shippony, J.W. Waters, I.S. McDermid, Validation of UARS MLS temperature and pressure measurements, J. Geophys. Res., in press, 1996.

Fleming, E. S., et al., 1990. Zonal mean temperature, pressure, zonal wind, and geopotential height as function of latitude. Adv. Space Res., 10, 11-59.

Forbes, J. M., and D. L. Wu, Solar Tides as Revealed by Measurements of Mesosphere Temperature by the MLS Experiment on UARS. J. Atmos. Sci.,  63 (7), 1776¨C1797, DOI: 10.1175/JAS3724.1, 2006.

Hamilton, K., R. J. Wilson, J. D. Mahlman, and L. J. Umscheid, Climatology of the SKYHI troposphere-stratosphere-mesosphere general circulation model. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 5-43, 1994.

Hocke K and Tsuda T, Gravity waves and ionospheric irregularities over tropical convection zones observed by GPS/MET radio occultation, GEOPHYS RES LETT 28 (14): 2815-2818 JUL 15 2001.

<>Holton, J.R., The role of gravity wave induced drag and diffusion in the momentum budget of the mesosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 791-799, 1982.

Jiang, J.H., S. D. Eckermann, D. L. Wu, and D. Y Wang, Interannual variation of gravity waves in the arctic and Antarctic winter middle atmosphere, Adv. Space Res., 35, 1925-1932, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2005.09.036, 2005.

Jiang, J.H, S.D. Eckermann, D.L. Wu, J. Ma, "A Search for Mountain Waves in MLS Stratospheric Limb Radiances from the Winter Northern Hemisphere: Data Analysis and Global Mountain Wave Modeling," J. Geophys. Res. 109, No. D3, D03107, 10.1029/2003JD003974, 2004.  

Jiang, J. H., et al., Geographical distribution and interseasonal variability of tropical deep convection: UARS MLS observations and analyses. J Geophys. Res., 109, D03111, doi:10.1029/2003JD003756, 2004.

Jiang, J. H., D. L. Wu, S. D. Eckermann and J. Ma, ¡°Mountain Waves in the Middle Atmosphere: Microwave Limb Sounder Observations and Analyses, Adv. Space Res., vol. 32(5), 801-806, doi:10.1016/S0273-1177(03)00402-2, 2003.

Jiang, J.H., D.L. Wu, S.D. Eckermann, "UARS MLS Observations of Mountain Waves over the Andes", J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS 107 (D20): art. no. 8273 SEP-OCT 2002.

Jiang, J. H., and D. L. Wu, UARS MLS observations of gravity waves associated with the Arctic winter stratospheric vortex. Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 527-530, 2001.

Lee, A. M., et al., The impact of the mixing properties within the Antarctic stratospheric vortex on ozone loss in spring, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 3202-3211, 2001.

Limpasuvan, V., D. L. Wu, M. J. Alexander, M. Hue, M. Xue, S. Pawson, and J. R. Perkins: The ARPS Stratospheric Gravity Wave Simulation over Greenland during 25 January 2005, J. Geophys. Res., in review, 2006.

Limpasuvan, V., D. L. Wu, M. J. Schwartz, J. W. Waters, Q. Wu and T. L. Killeen, The two-day wave in EOS MLS temperature and wind measurements in 2004-2005. Geophys. Rev. Lett. 32, L17809, doi:10.1029/2005GL023396, 2005.

Limpasuvan, V., and D. L. Wu, Two-day Wave Observations of UARS-MLS Mesospheric Water Vapor and Temperature, JGR-Atmospheres, 108(D10), 4307, doi:10.1029/2002JD00203, 2003.

Lindzen, R.S., Turbulence and stress owing to gravity wave and tidal breakdown, J. Geophys. Res., 86, 9707-9714, 1981.

Massie. ST, Bailey PL, Gille JC, et al. SPECTRAL SIGNATURES OF POLAR STRATOSPHERIC CLOUDS AND SULFATE AEROSOL, J ATMOS SCI 51 (20): 3027-3044 OCT 15 1994

Mergenthaler JL, Kumer JB, Roche AE, et al., Distribution of Antarctic polar stratospheric clouds as seen by the CLAES experiment, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS 102 (D15): 19161-19170 AUG 20 1997

Milton, S. F., and C. A. Wilson, The impact of parameterized subgrid-scale orographic forcing on systematic errors in a global NWP model, Mon. Wea. Rev., 124(9), 2023-2045, 1996.

McLandress, C., M. J. Alexander, and D. L. Wu, MLS observations of gravity waves in the stratosphere: A climatology and interpretation. JGR, 105, 11,947-11,967, 2000.

Pawson, S. et al., The GCM-reality intercomparison project for SPARC (GRIPS): scientific issues and initial results. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 81, 781-796, 2000.

Preusse P, Eckermann SD, Offermann D, Comparison of global distributions of zonal-mean gravity wave variance inferred from different satellite instruments, GEOPHYS RES LETT 27 (23): 3877-3880 DEC 1 2000.

Salby, M., F. Sassi, P. Callaghan, D. Wu, P. Keckhut, A. Hauchecorne, "Mesospheric inversions and their relationship to planetary wave structure", J. Geophys. Res. 107, 10.1029/ 2001 JD000756, (ACL 4-1), 27 Feb 2002.

Shepherd, T. G., The middle atmosphere. J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys., 62, 1587-1601, 2000.

Taylor, F. W., et al., Properties of northern hemisphere polar stratospheric clouds and volcanic aerosol in 1991/92 from UARS/ISAMS satellite measurements, J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 3019-3026, 1994.

Teitelbaum, H., M. Moustaoui, and M. Fromm, Exploring polar stratospheric cloud and ozone minihole formation: The primary importance of synoptic-scale flow perturbations, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 28,173-28,188, 2001.

Whiteway JA, et al., Measurements of gravity wave activity within and around the Arctic stratospheric vortex, GEOPHYS. RES. LETT. 24 (11): 1387-1390 JUN 1 1997.

Waters, J. W.,et al, The UARS and EOS Microwave Limb Sounder Experiments. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 194-218, 1999.

Waters, J.W.,et al., ¡°The Earth Observing System Microwave Limb Sounder (EOS MLS) on the Aura Satellite, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 44, no. 5, 1075-1092, May 2006.

Wu, D. L., and Eckermann, S. D., Atmospheric gravity wave variances from Aura MLS: Characteristics and interpretations, submitted to J. Geophys. Res., 2006.

Wu, D. L., et al., Mesospheric Doppler Wind Measurements from Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) , Adv. Space Res., COSPAR, in review, 2006.

Wu, D. L., Small-scale fluctuations and scintillations in high-resolution GPS SNR and phase data, J ATMOS SOL-TERR PHY 68 (9), 999-1017, doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2006.01.006, 2006.

Wu, D. L., et al., Remote sounding of atmospheric gravity waves with satellite limb and nadir techniques. Adv. Space Res., doi:10.1016/j.asr.2005.07.031, 2005.

Wu, D. L., and J. H. Jiang, Interannual and seasonal variations of diurnal tide, gravity wave, ozone, and water vapor as observed by MLS during 1991-1994, Adv. Space Res., 35(11), 1999-2004, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2004.12.018, 2005.

Wu, D. L., Chi O. Ao, George A. Hajj, Manuel de la Torre Juarez, and Anthony J. Mannucci, Sporadic-E Morphology from GPS-CHAMP Radio Occultation. J Geophys. Res.-Space 110 (A1): Art. No. A01306, 2005.

Wu, D. L., Mesoscale gravity wave variances from AMSU-A radiances. Geophys. Res. Lett., L12114, doi:10.1029/2004GL019562, 2004.

Wu, D. L., and F. Zhang, A study of mesoscale gravity waves over the North Atlantic with satellite observations and a mesoscale model, J. Geophys. Rev. Atmos. 109 (D22): Art. No. D22104 NOV 25 2004.

Wu, D.L., Read WG, Shippony Z, et al. Mesospheric temperature from UARS MLS: retrieval and validation. J ATMOS SOL-TERR PHY 65 (2): 245-267 JAN 2003.

Wu, D. L., and J. H. Jiang, MLS Observations of atmospheric gravity waves over Antarctica, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS 107 (D24): art. no. 4773 DEC 21 2002 .

Wu, D. L., Horizontal wavenumber spectrum of MLS radiances, J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys., 63, 1465-1477, 2001.

Wu, D. L., Mesospheric temperature inversion layers as observed by UARS MLS and ISAMS. Recent Res. Devel. Geophys., Research Signpost, March, 37-44, 2000.

Wu, D. L., C. McLandress, W. G. Read, J. W. Waters, and L. Froidevaux, Equatorial diurnal variations observed in UARS Microwave Limb Sounder temperature during 1991-1994 and simulated by the Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 8909-8917, 1998.

Wu, D. L., and J. W. Waters, Observations of Gravity Waves with the UARS Microwave Limb Sounder, in Gravity Wave Processes and Their Parameterization in Global Climate Models (K. Hamilton, ed.) New York: Springer-Verlag NATO ASI Series, Vol. 50, pp.404, 1997.

Wu, D. L., and J.W. Waters, Satellite observations of atmospheric variances: A possible indication of gravity waves, Geophys. Res. Lett,  23, 3631-3634, 1996.

Wu, D. L., and J.W. Waters, Gravity-wave-scale temperature fluctuations seen by the UARS MLS, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 3289-3292, 1996.

Wu, D. L., P. B. Hays and R. G. Roble, A comparison of solar tides derived from UARS/HRDI winds and simulated with NCAR TIME-GCM, J. Geophys Res., 101, 19,147-19,160, 1996.

Wu, D. L., E.F. Fishbein, W.G. Read, and J.W. Waters, Excitation and evolution of the quasi 2-day wave observed in UARS/MLS temperature measurements, J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 728-738, 1995.