Gravity Waves Observations during Northern Hemisphere Winter
UARS MLS observed Arctic winter stratospheric gravity wave variances, at ~38 km altitude. Enhancement of gravity wave activities are clearly outstanding over the mountain ridges of Scandinavia of Sweden, Urals, Central Siberian of Russia, Brooks Range of northern Alaska, Queen Elizabeth Islands of northern Canada, and southern Greenland. Since the stratospheric jetstream prevails eastward in the wintertime Northern Hemisphere, the enhanced wave activities are observed mostly in the downstream of these mountain ridges around the jetstream. Plotted here is MLS limb-track channel 3 variance averaged on 10 degree by 4 degree longitude-latitude grids during December-January-February of 1994-1997 from the north-looking descending orbits. The instrument noise has been removed in this map and no data are at latitudes higher than ~80N. The dotted contour lines are the UKMO assimilated stratospheric winds (34-44km) averaged on 10 degree by 5 degree longitude-latitude grids during the same MLS limb-track days and interpolated onto the same limb-track orbits.
Same as last Figure but for MLS limb-scan days of December-January-February of 1991-1997 from the north-looking descending orbits and the UKMO winds are averaged for MLS limb-scan days