References:

More MLS-Related Publications

 H. H. Aumann, and coauthors, “AIRS/AMSU/HSB on the Aqua Mission: Design, Science Objectives, Data Products, and Processing Systems.” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 41 #2, 253¬-264, 2003.

Bond, S. T., The potential effect of cirrus on MLS retrievals. Ph.D. Dissertation, The University of Edinburgh, UK, pp. 199, 1996.

Cess, R. D., and Coauthors, 1989: Interpretation of cloud climate feedback is produced by 14 atmospheric general circulation models. Science, 245, 513–516.

Danielsen, E. F., A dehydration mechanism for the stratosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 9, 605-608, 1982.

C. P. Davis, D. L. Wu, C. Emde, J. H. Jiang, and R. S. Harwood, Cloud Induced Polarization in 122 GHz Aura MLS Radiances, submitted to GRL, 2005

DelGenio, A. D., et al., A prognostic cloud-water parameterization for global climate models. J. Clim., 9, 270-304, 1996.

Donovan, D. P., and A. C. A. P. van Lammeren, First ice cloud effective particle size parameterization based on combined lidar and radar data, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, No.1, p6-1, 2002.

Evans, K. F., and G. L. Stephens, Microwave radiative transfer through clouds composed of realistically shaped ice crystals. Part II: Remote sensing of ice clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 2058-2072, 1995.

Evans, K. F., et al., Modeling of submillimeter passive remote sensing of cirrus clouds. J. Appl. Meteor., 37, 184-205, 1998.

Gasiewski, A. J., Numerical sensitivity analysis of passive EHF and SMMW channels to tropospheric water vapor, clouds, and precipitation. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 30, 859-870, 1992.

Heymsfield, A., and C. M. R. Platt, A parameterization of the particle size spectrum of ice clouds in terms of the ambient temperature and the ice water content. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 864-855, 1984.

Heymsfield, A. J., Ice particles observed in a cirriform cloud at -83° C and implications for polar stratospheric clouds, J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 851-855, 1986.

Holton, J. R. et al., Stratosphere-troposphere exchange, Rev Geophys., 33, 403-439, 1995.

Holton, J. R. and A. Gettelman, Horizontal transport and the dehydration of the stratosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 2799-2802, 2001.

Hufford, G., A mode for the complex permittivity of ice at frequencies below 1 THz. Int. J. Infrared Millimeter Waves, 12, 677-682, 1991.

 J. H. Jiang, and D. L. Wu, "Ice and Water Permittivities for Millimeter and Sub-millimeter Remote Sensing Applications," Atmospheric Science Letters, Volume 5, Issue 7, pages 146-151, 2004.

Knollenberg, R. G., A. J. Dascher, and D. Huffman, Measurements of the aerosol and ice crystal populations in tropical stratospheric cumulonimbus anvils. Geophys. Res. Lett., 9, 613-616, 1982.

Knollenberg, R. G., K. Kelly, and J. C. Wilson, Measurements of high number densities o ice crystals in the tops of tropical cumulonimbus. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 8639-8664, 1993.

Liu, G., and J. A. Curry, Topical ice water amount and its relations to other atmospheric hydrological parameters as inferred from satellite data. J. Appl. Meteor., 38, 1182-1194, 1998.

Liu, G., and J. A. Curry, 2000: Determination of ice water path and mass median particle size using multichannel microwave measurements. J. Appl. Meteor., 39, 1318-1329.

Marshall, J. S., and W. McK. Palmer, The distribution of raindrops with size. J. Meteor., 5, 165-166, 1948.

McFarquhar, G. M., and A. J. Heymsfield, Parameterization of tropical cirrus ice crystal size distributions and implications radiative transfer: Results from CEPEX. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 2187-2200, 1997.

Mitchell, D. C., et al., Modeling cirrus clouds. Part I: Treatment of bimodal size spectra and case study analysis. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 2952-2966, 1996.

Mote, P. W. et al., An atmospheric tape recorder: the imprint of tropical tropopause temperatures on lower stratospheric water vapor, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 3989-4006, 1996.

Newell, R. E., and S. Gould-Stewart, A stratospheric fountain?, J. Atmos., Sci., 38, 2789-2796, 1981.

Platt, C. M. R., A parameterization of the visible extinction coefficient in terms of the ice/water content. J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 2083-2098, 1997.

 S. Platnick, and coauthors, “The MODIS cloud products: Algorithms and examples from Terra. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,” Aqua Special Issue(41), 459-473, 2003.

Pumphrey, H.C., H.L. Clark, R.S. Harwood, "Lower stratospheric water vapor measured by UARS MLS," Geophys. Res. Lett. 27, 1691-1694, 2000. Click here to access .pdf file of this paper

Ramanathan, V., R. D. Cess, E. F. Harrison, et al., Cloud-radiative forcing and climate - results from the Earth radiation budget experiment. Science 243, 57-63, 1989.

Randall et al., Interactions among radiation, convection, and large-scale dynamics in a general circulation model. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 1943-1970, 1989.

Randel WJ, Wu F, Gettelman A, et al. Seasonal variation of water vapor in the lower stratosphere observed in Halogen Occultation Experiment data, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS 106 (D13): 14313-14325 JUL 16 2001

Read, W. G., et al., Upper-tropospheric water vapor from UARS MLS, Bull. Am. Met. Soc., 76, 2381-2389, 1995.

Read WG, Waters JW, Wu DL, et al. UARS microwave limb sounder upper tropospheric humidity measurement: Method and validation, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS 106 (D23): 32207-32258 DEC 16 2001

Skofronick-Jackson, G. M., and J. R. Wang, The estimation of hydrometeor profiles from wideband microwave observations. J. Appl. Meteor., 39, 1645-1656, 2000.

Sherwood, S. C., and A. E. Dessler, On the control of stratospheric humidity, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 2513-2516, 2000.

Slingo, A., and J. M. Slingo, The response of a general circulation model to cloud longwave radiative forcing. I: Introduction and initial experiments. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 114, 1027-1062, 1988.

Stephens, G.L., S.C. Tsay, P.W. Stackhouse., P.J. Flatau, The relevance of the microphysical and radiative properties of cirrus clouds to climate and climatic feedback, J. Atmos. Sci., 47, p1742., 1990.

G. L. Stephens, and coauthors, The CloudSat Mission and the A-Train: A new dimension of space-based observations of clouds and precipitation. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 83(12), 1771-1790. 2004.

Vivekanandan, J., J. Turk, and V. N. Bringi, Ice water path estimation and characterization using passive microwave radiometry. J. Appl. Meteor., 30, 1407-1421, 1991.

Wang, J. W., P. Racette, and A. J. Gasiewski, Airborne millimeter-wave radiometric observations of cirrus clouds. Submitted to J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol., March 1997.

Wielicki, B. A., R. D. Cess, M. D. King, D. A. Randall, and E. F. Harrison, 1995: Mission to planet Earth: Role of clouds and radiation in climate. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 76, 2125–2153.

Wu, D. L., and J. H. Jiang, EOS MLS algorithm theoretical basis document for cloud measurements. JPL D-19299, 2002.

Wu, D. L., W. G. Read, A. E. Dessler, S. C. Sherwood, and J. H. Jiang, UARS MLS Cloud Ice Measurements and Implications for H2O Transport near the Tropopause, J. Atmos. Sci., 62 (2): 518-530 FEB 2005.

 J. W. Waters, et al., “ The UARS and EOS Microwave Limb Sounder Experiments,” J. Atmos. Sci. vol. 56 pp. 194-218, 1999.

Zhao, L., and F. Weng, Retrieval of ice cloud parameters using the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit, J. Appl. Meteor., 41, 384-395, 2002.